Tree up to 45 m by 70 cm; buttresses up to 3 m high and 1.5 m wide. Branchlets c. 0.5 cm thick, smooth, glabrous; pith with many vascular strands, partly peripherally arranged. Stipules rather caducous, inserted at the conjunction of the petiole and the branchlet, rarely entirely on the base of the petiole, oblong, 1-5 by 0.5-1.75 cm, apex rounded, margin entire, glabrous to slightly pulverulent. Leaves (2-)4-5-jugate, glabrous. Leaflets ovate to oblong, 5-16 by 2.5-7(-10) cm, chartaceous to subcoriaceous; base often slightly oblique, (broadly) cuneate; margin entire; apex gradually to subabruptly, rather long and slender-acuminate; nerves 12-15 pairs (angle 60-70°), straight to faintly curved, gradually arching at some distance from the margin. Inflorescences terminal (basal branches often axillary), broadly paniculate, minutely pulverulent, ♂ ones up to 35 cm long, main branches up to 20 cm, female ones up to 20 cm long, main branches up to 10 cm. Bracts concave. Flowers tomentose, ♂ (sub)sessile, 5 mm long, female stalked, 6-7(-12) mm, often with a concave receptacle. Stamens free, glabrous. Disk glabrous, in ♂ flowers solid, rather variable in form and shape, sometimes with a style-like appendix; in female flowers adnate to the receptacle but for the rim. Ovary glabrous, in ♂ flowers none. Infructescences broadly paniculate, up to c. 15 cm long, with up to c. 12 fruits; calyx flat, orbicular with undulate margin, 7-13 mm diam. Fruits ovoid, round to slightly trigonous in cross-section, 3½-5 by 1.5-3 cm, glabrous; pyrene smooth with 3 blunt, white ribs near the base; lids c. 4 mm thick. Seeds 3-1; sterile cells not strongly reduced.
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A tree which grows up to 45 m high. It can be 70 cm across the trunk. Buttresses can be 3 m high and 1.5 m wide. The small branches are about 0.5 cm across. (When cut across, this, like most Canariums has separate vascular bundles similar to that found in a root). The leafy structures (stipules) fall off early but are more on the branch than the leaf stalk. They are oblong and 1-5 cm long by 0.5-1.7 cm wide. The edges are not divided. The leaves have 4 or 5 pairs of leaflets and are without hairs. The leaflets are oblong and 5-16 cm long by 3-8 cm wide. They can be papery in texture. The base can be broadly wedge shaped. The tip tapers. There are 12-15 pairs of veins which are slightly curved. The flower clusters occur at the ends of branches. Male flower clusters can be 35 cm long with branches 20 cm long. Female flower clusters are 20 cm long with branches 10 cm long. The flowers are hairy and male flowers have almost no stalk while female flower stalks are 6-7 mm long. The fruiting stalks can be 15 cm long with about 12 fruit. The fruit are oval and slightly triangular. They are 3-5 cm long by 1.5-3 cm across. There are 1-3 seeds inside.
Mainly in primary forests on limestone, sometimes locally gregarious, alt. up to 1200 m, fl. Mainly March-June (Java: Aug.-Dec.), fr. Mainly April-May.
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A canopy tree that occurs locally, often gregariously, in dense primary forest on limestone or in rather dry rain forest.
It is a tropical plant. It does well on limestone soils.
Uses. Planted as a shade-tree in nutmeg-plantations and as a roadside tree. The timber is rather soft and mainly used as firewood; in Bawean and Kangean it is also used for canoe-building; sometimes paddles are made out of the buttresses. The resin is not abundant and without importance. The seeds are highly estimated as a titbit, and are sometimes used as a substitute for almonds; the oil from the seeds is used as a substitute of coconut-oil. An emulsion of the seeds can be of importance as a baby-food ( HEYNE Nutt. Pl. 1927 873 ). For an analysis of the seed-oil see STEGER & VAN LOON Rec. Trav. Chim. Pays-Bas 59 1940 168 .
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The seeds are eaten. An oily mixture made from the seeds is used as a baby food.
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