Canavalia cathartica Thouars

Maunaloa (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Canavalia

Characteristics

Herbs, biennial, robust, twining. Stems and branches sparsely pubescent. Leaflets ovate, 6-10 × 4-9 cm, sparsely white pubescent on both surfaces, base broadly cuneate, trun­cate, or rounded, apex acute or rounded. Racemes with 1-3 flowers at each node of rachis. Calyx ca. 12 mm, pubescent, upper lip with rounded lobes, shorter than tube, lower lip with 3 teeth. Corolla pink or purplish, 2-2.5 cm; standard orbicular, ca. 2 × 2.5 cm, with 2 thickenings near base, clawed, apex emar­ginate; wings and keel curved, ca. 2 cm. Legumes oblong, 7-9 × 3.5-4.5 cm, turgid, apex rostrate. Seeds brownish black, ellip­tic, ca. 18 × 12 mm, hard and smooth; hilum 10-14 mm. Fl. and fr. Apr-Oct.
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A climbing herb. The vine is less than 2 cm across. The leaves are compound and alternate. The leaves have 3 leaflets. The leaflets are 4-24 cm long by 3-12 cm wide. The veins are easy to see on the upper surface. The leaf stalk is 2-12 cm long. The flowers are lilac. They occur in the axils of leaves. The fruit is a pod. It is often curved. It is 8-12.5 cm long by 3-4.5 cm wide. There are 3-5 ribs along one side. There are 2-6 seeds. They are dark reddish-brown and 18 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0 - 8.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Found mainly in coastal habitats, sometimes on beaches intermingled with Canavalia maritima, but more commonly behind the beach in coastal thickets and coconut groves. It is occasionally found inland at elevations up to 250 metres.
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A tropical plant. In Nepal it grows from 1000-1400 m altitude. In tropical Australia it grows from 20-200 m altitude.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

The young tender pods and seeds are cooked as a vegetable. The mature pods are poisonous and must be boiled with several changes of water. Caution: The pods and seeds become poisonous when ripe.
Uses cover crop environmental use fiber food forage manure material medicinal poison
Edible fruits pods seeds
Therapeutic use Skin (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Wound (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Canavalia cathartica unspecified picture

Distribution

Canavalia cathartica world distribution map, present in American Samoa, Australia, Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Bangladesh, Barbados, China, Cook Islands, Fiji, Indonesia, India, Japan, Kenya, Cambodia, Kiribati, Sri Lanka, Maldives, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Northern Mariana Islands, Mauritius, Malaysia, Nauru, Pakistan, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Réunion, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Seychelles, Thailand, Timor-Leste, Tonga, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States of America, Viet Nam, Vanuatu, and Yemen

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:167471-3
WFO ID wfo-0000189794
COL ID QJTZ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447160
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Canavalia glandifolia Lablab microcarpus Canavalia polystachya Canavalia microcarpa Phaseolus virosus Canavalia virosa Dolichos virosus Canavalia cathartica Canavalia bouquete Canavalia glandifolia Canavalia virosa Canavalia turgida Canavalia bouquetii Canavalia turgida Canavalia ensiformis var. turgida Canavalia ensiformis var. virosa Canavalia obtusifolia var. insularis