Canthium glaucum Hiern

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Canthium

Characteristics

Shrub, sometimes scandent, 1–5 m. tall; young branches glabrous or rarely pubescent (not in Flora area), lenticellate or not, armed with spines up to 1.5(–1.8–2.1) cm. long, situated above very abbreviated lateral branches, apparently not developing into lateral branches; bark light to dark grey or brown.. Leaves restricted to lateral spurs at apex of stem; blades narrowly to broadly elliptic, 2.4–6 cm. long, 1.4–3 cm. wide, acute to subacuminate or sometimes obtuse at apex, acute to cuneate at base, strongly or moderately discolorous, glabrous or glabrous above and sparsely pubescent at least on nerves beneath or rarely pubescent on both faces; lateral nerves usually in 3 main pairs; tertiary nerves apparent; domatia present as small tufts of hair; petiole 1–1.6 mm. long, glabrous, sparsely pubescent or rarely pubescent; stipules triangular, apiculate, 1–4 mm. long, densely pubescent within.. Flowers (4–)5-merous, borne in subsessile to pedunculate, 2–8-flowered cymes; peduncles up to 1 cm. long; pedicels 0.3–1 cm. long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; bracteoles inconspicuous.. Calyx-tube 1 mm. long, glabrous or rarely pubescent; limb divided, often almost to base, into triangular or narrowly triangular lobes, 0.5–1 mm. long.. Corolla glabrous or rarely pubescent outside; tube 1–1.25 mm. long, with a ring of deflexed hairs at throat and pubescent immediately above it; lobes triangular-lanceolate, 2–2.5 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, scarcely apiculate to apiculate.. Style slightly exceeding the corolla-tube; stigmatic knob ± spherical, 0.75 mm. wide.. Fruit pale red, edible, ± square in outline, scarcely indented at apex, hardly tapered at base, 0.9–1.2 cm. long and wide; pyrene ellipsoid, flattened on ventral face, 7–12 mm. long, 4–6 mm. wide, triangular at point of attachment, crested at the apex, rugulose.. Fig. 132/18, p. 754.
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Leaves restricted to lateral spurs and apex of stem; blades 2.4–6 × 1.4–3 cm, narrowly to broadly elliptic, acute to subacuminate or sometimes obtuse at apex, acute to cuneate at base, strongly or moderately discolorous, glabrous, or glabrous above and sparsely pubescent at least on nerves beneath, or rarely pubescent on both faces; lateral nerves usually in 3 main pairs; tertiary nerves apparent; domatia present as small tufts of hair; petiole 1–1.6 mm long, glabrous to sparsely pubescent, or rarely pubescent; stipules 1–4 mm long, triangular, apiculate, densely pubescent within.
A spiny shrub. It grows 2-4 m high. The bark is grey or brown. The leaves have short leaf stalks. The leaves are narrowly oval and 2-5 cm long. There are 2 spines near the base of the leaf. The flowers are green and a few in a group. The fruit is squarish and green and turns yellow to orange when ripe.
Shrub, sometimes scandent, 1–5 m tall; young branches glabrous or rarely pubescent, often lenticellate, armed with spines up to 15(21) mm long, situated above brachyblasts (very abbreviated lateral branches), apparently not developing into lateral branches; bark light to dark grey or brown.
Corolla glabrous or rarely pubescent outside; tube 1–1.25 mm long, with a ring of deflexed hairs at the throat and pubescent immediately above; lobes 2–2.5 × 1.5 mm, triangular-lanceolate, scarcely apiculate to apiculate.
Flowers (4)5-merous, in 2–8-flowered cymes; cymes subsessile to pedunculate; peduncles up to 10 mm long; pedicels 3–10 mm long, glabrous or sparsely pubescent; bracteoles inconspicuous.
Calyx tube 1 mm long, glabrous or rarely pubescent; limb divided often almost to base into triangular or narrowly triangular lobes, 0.5–1 mm long.
Pyrene 7–12 × 4–6 mm, ellipsoid with ventral face flattened, triangular at point of attachment, crested at the apex, rugulose.
Fruit pale red, edible, 9–12 mm long and wide, square in outline, scarcely indented at apex, hardly tapered at base.
Pollen presenter spherical, 0.75 mm across; disk not prominent.
Style slightly exceeding the corolla tube.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
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Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 5.0
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

It is a tropical plant. In Kenya it grows in coastal bushland between sea level and 150 m altitude. It is usually in open places with deep sandy soils.
Light -
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The ripe fruit are fleshy and sweet.
Uses food gene source medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
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Distribution

Canthium glaucum world distribution map, present in Botswana, Cabo Verde, Kenya, Mozambique, Somalia, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Canthium glaucum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:745437-1
WFO ID wfo-0000797540
COL ID QNMC
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Plectronia glauca Canthium glaucum

Lower taxons

Canthium glaucum subsp. frangula Canthium glaucum subsp. glaucum Canthium glaucum var. pubescens