Canthium suberosum Codd

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Canthium

Characteristics

Shrub or small tree 3-6 m high, entirely glabrous, unarmed; branchlets conspicuously swollen at the nodes; bark grey, powdery on young branchlets, becoming corky on older trunks. Leaves opposite, with petioles 2-4 mm long, glaucous, leathery, elliptic to oblanceolate, 3.5-7 cm long, 1.4-3.5 cm broad, entire, cuneate at the base, apex obtuse to rounded. Inflorescence axillary, subfasciculate, consisting of 1-4-flowered cymes; peduncle 0-2 mm long, hidden by the stipules; pedicels 2-4 mm long. Calyx shortly 5-toothed, teeth about 0.5 mm long. Corolla small; tube 2 mm long; lobes 5, oblong-ovate, 3 mm long, margin papillate, especially at the tip which is thickened and curved inwards, ultimately reflexed. Anthers 5, shortly exserted, oblong, apex acute; filaments short and broad, inserted just below the throat of the corolla. Ovary ovoid, 3-locular, with one descending ovule in each locule; style exserted, 4 mm long, glabrous, broadest at the base; stigma capitate, 3-lobed; disc slightly raised, sticky. Fruit drupaceous, about 1 cm long, more or less oblong, usually lobed when 2 or 3 seeds develop, black when mature, 1-3-seeded.
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Perennial shrub, 3-4 m high. Leaves erect, elliptic to oblanceolate, leathery, glossy above, glabrous to short softly hairy, domatia absent, apex acute, margins entire, with fringe of fine hairs; petioles up to 5 mm long; stipules falling early. Flowers axillary, in few clusters, small. Calyx lobes reduced to a rim. Corolla 4-or 5-lobed, white or yellowish, glabrous. Ovary: style short, exserted. Flowering time Sept.-Nov. Fruit ovoid to almost round, ± 10 mm long, black, with 2 or 3 lobes, crowned with circular scar.
A small evergreen tree. It grows 8 m tall. The crown is dense and rounded. The trunk is thick and corky. The bark is grey and smooth. The leaf nodes are prominent and have tufts of silky hairs. The leaves are opposite and leathery. They are 3-7 cm long by 1-3 cm wide. They are pale or blue-green. The fruit are small and oval. They can be 1 cm long. They have a circular scar around the tip.
Small tree or shrub, 3-6 m high, unarmed. Nodes conspicuously thickened. Bark on older twigs scurfy, cracking in rectangular network, bark on main trunk corky. Leaves elliptic to oblanceolate-obovate, glaucous. Inflorescence axillary, 1-4-flowered cymes; sub-sessile. Corolla tube 2 mm long, lobes 3 mm long. Flowers green.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0 - 6.0
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Environment

It is a subtropical plant. It grows on rocky hillsides. It grows in open woodland in mountainous areas.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-12
Soil texture 7-8
Soil acidity -
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Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

Uses -
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
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Images

Canthium suberosum unspecified picture

Distribution

Canthium suberosum world distribution map, present in eSwatini and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:745669-1
WFO ID wfo-0000800169
COL ID 699G6
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Canthium suberosum