Carapa procera Dc.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Meliaceae > Carapa

Characteristics

Badly shapen understorey tree (in E. Africa) up to 25 m. tall, but usually smaller (elsewhere sometimes erect and up to 30 m. or more in height); branches widespreading and arching; bole unbuttressed but often fluted and branched low down.. Leaves up to 1.5 m. long, mostly crowded at the ends of stout branchlets, bright red when young; leaflets 6–18 or more, usually oblong-elliptic or oblanceolate-elliptic, up to 40 × 16 cm., apex rounded and usually ending in an abrupt very short glandular acumen, sometimes more distinctly acuminate (especially juvenile leaves), base narrowly or broadly cuneate, slightly asymmetric; lateral nerves prominent, in ± 10 widely spaced pairs; lower surface glabrous, with a network of impressed veins.. Inflorescence a pyramidal panicle up to 70 cm. or more long.. Calyx lobed, ± 0.2 cm. long, glabrous, except for the ciliolate margin.. Petals up to 0.9 cm. long, glabrous except for marginal cilia.. Staminal tube up to 0.8 cm. long.. Capsules 1–3 per infructescence, subglobose, umbonate or rostrate, 12–15 cm. in diameter.. Seeds (in E. Africa) usually 10–20 per capsule, ± 3 cm. long, dark brown, shining.. Fig. 20, p.62.
More
An evergreen tree. It grows up to 25 m tall. The branches are crooked, spread out wide and curve over. It has a dense crown of leaves. The trunk is often fluted and the branches grow low down on the trunk. The bark is thin and smooth and dark grey. It has a gummy resin when cut. The leaves are very large and at the ends of the thick small branches. The young leaves are red then orange and change to green as they mature. They are divided into 6-9 pairs of leaflets. Each leaflet is oblong and about 25 cm long by 9 cm wide. The leaves have a rounded tip with a blunt point. The flowers are in a much branched head shaped like a pyramid. It is 70 cm long. Each flower has 5 yellow, pink and white petals about 1 cm long. The fruit is a large woody capsule 12-15 cm across. The fruit cracks open in 5 parts. There are 12-20 angular seeds inside. The seeds are 3 cm long and shiny dark brown. They have a rough pitted surface.
Habit varies from a sprawling tree with arching branches up to about 50 ft high, in swamp forest, to a tall tree with clear bole in lowland rain forest.
Large leaves clustered at the ends of the branches
Flowers white and pink, fragrant.
Forest trees
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 22.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A common, but localised species, growing on lake-shores, riparian and mid-altitude forest, esp where drainage is impeded, typically at 1,100-1,800 m altitude. Frequently also found growing on sandy soils, generally at sea level.
More
A tropical plant. It grows in the rainforest. It suits humid locations. It can also be in savannah woodland, palm groves and along river banks.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The seeds are used to make a type of butter. The ripe fruit are eaten raw.
Uses environmental use food fuel gene source material medicinal oil poison wood
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use Bite(Mosquito) (unspecified), Burn (unspecified), Febrifuge (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Yaws (unspecified), Soap (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Insecticide (unspecified), Ointment (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seed. The seed germinate easily. Seeds should be planted within 2 months. The young plants should have light shade.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Carapa procera leaf picture by Daniel Barthelemy (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Carapa procera world distribution map, present in Angola, Burundi, Benin, Burkina Faso, Brazil, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Ghana, Guinea, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau, Equatorial Guinea, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Liberia, Mali, Nigeria, Rwanda, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Sao Tome and Principe, Suriname, Togo, and Uganda

Conservation status

Carapa procera threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577711-1
WFO ID wfo-0001083560
COL ID R2VD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 841469
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Xylocarpus procerus Xylocarpus touloucouna Carapa gummiflua Carapa touloucouna Carapa guineensis Granatum surinamensis Touloucouna gigantea Carapa guyanensis Zelea splendens Zurloa insignis Zurloa splendens Carapa procera