Carex pumila Thunb.

Dwarf sedge (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Poales > Cyperaceae > Carex

Characteristics

Rhizome with slender stolons. Culms laxly tufted, 10-30 cm tall, triquetrous, nearly all clothed with sheaths, lower part clothed with several reddish brown and bladeless sheaths, one side of sheath usually disintegrating into reticulate fibers. Leaves longer than or equaling culm, blades 3-4 mm wide, flat or sometimes plicate, stiff, scabrous on veins and margins, sheathed. Involucral bracts leafy, longer than culm, shortly sheathed. Spikes 3-6, slightly approximate; terminal 2 or 3 spikes male, clavate or narrowly cylindric, 1.5-3.5 cm, shortly pedunculate; remaining spikes female, oblong or oblong-cylindric, 1.5-2.5 × ca. 0.8 cm, slightly laxly many flowered, usually shortly pedunculate. Female glumes brownish, sometimes ferruginous and shortly striate, green at middle, broadly ovate, ca. 5.5 mm, membranous, 3-veined, margins white hyaline, apex acuminate, mucronate or aristate. Utricles yellowish or yellowish brown, obliquely patent, ovate, inflated trigonous, 6-6.5 mm, corky, glabrous, distinctly several veined, base broadly cuneate, rather thick and shortly stipitate, apex gradually narrowed to a rather broad and short beak, orifice sanguineous and 2-toothed. Nutlets rather tightly enveloped, broadly obovate or subelliptic, trigonous, ca. 3 mm, base shortly stipitate; style ± long, base slightly thickened, usually persistent; stigmas 3. Fl. and fr. Apr-Jun.
More
Tufts rather coarse, from a long creeping rhizome of c. 2 mm. diam. Culms 5–20 cm. long, terete, smooth, cream or light green, almost entirely enclosed by light brown or cream, occ. red-brown lf-sheaths; us. almost buried in sand. Lvs > culms, up to 40 cm. long, 1.5–3 mm. wide, channelled, rigid, glaucous, curved and tapering to a fine point, margins quite smooth. Spikes 3–7–(8), ± approximate; terminal spike male, often long-pedunculate, very slender, often with 1–3 very small, occ. partly female, spikes at the base; remaining spikes female, often male at the top, 1–3.5 × c. 1 cm. Glumes c. ½ length of utricles, rarely only slightly < utricles, ovate, acute, red-brown, with broad colourless hyaline margins, midrib very pale brown, thickened, us. produced to a short awn. Utricles 6–7.5 × 2–3.5 mm., biconvex to subtrigonous, ovoid, light brown, thick, corky, turgid, smooth or faintly nerved, narrowed to a bifid beak, 1.5–2 mm. long, orifice membr., crura faintly scabrid at tip. Stigmas 3. Nut 2.5–4 × 1.5–2.5 mm., trigonous, obovoid, light brown, shortly mucronate.
Plants colonial; rhizomes long-creeping. Culms central, slender, trigonous, 8–30 cm, smooth. Leaves: basal sheaths persistent, straw colored to dark brown, the youngest sometimes tinged reddish purple; ligules 0.2–1.3 mm, wider than long; blades somewhat glaucous, M-shaped, 1.5–3.3 mm wide, coriaceous, glabrous. Inflorescences 2.5–19 cm; rachis beyond proximal pistillate spike rounded-angled, smooth; proximal 1–3(–4) spikes pistillate, strongly overlapping, ascending to spreading; distal spikes erect; terminal 1–3 spikes staminate. Pistillate scales lanceolate to ovate, apex acute to acuminate-awned, scabrous-margined apically, glabrous. Perigynia ascending, ± distinctly 8–20-veined near base, thick-walled and corky, broadly ovoid, 4.5–8 × 2–3.5 mm, glabrous; beak 0.8–1.6(–2) mm, bidentulate, teeth straight, 0.2–0.7(–1) mm. 2n = 82.
Coarse tufts from a far-extending rhizome. Stems half buried in sand and much < grey-green leaves. Spikes 3-7, ± approximate. Utricles much > glumes, 6-7.5 mm long, corky, turgid, light yellow-brown, not or faintly nerved. Stigmas 3.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality -
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Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.3
Root system rhizome
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Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 7-9
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-11

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
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Images

Carex pumila unspecified picture

Distribution

Carex pumila world distribution map, present in Australia, China, Japan, Norfolk Island, Nicaragua, New Zealand, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Taiwan, Province of China, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:927469-1
WFO ID wfo-0000350444
COL ID 5XCB8
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Anithista littorea Carex forbesii Carex littorea Carex platyrhyncha Carex pumila Carex fusca Carex krullii Carex sepulta Carex urvillei Carex nutans var. platyrhyncha Carex nutans var. pumila Carex pumila var. forbesii Carex pumila subsp. littorea Carex pumila var. urvillei Carex pumila var. pumila