Carpodiptera africana Mast.

Species

Angiosperms > Malvales > Malvaceae > Carpodiptera

Characteristics

Small dioecious or rarely monoecious tree 1.5–13.5(–20) m tall; bark grey-brown, smooth or slightly rough; slash yellow, granular; branchlets sparsely stellate-pubescent, soon glabrous.. Leaves ovate to oblong, 4–21(–25) cm long, 2.3–15 cm wide, acute to obtuse at the apex, rounded to cordate (rarely cuneate) at the base, entire or repand, stellate-pubescent at first but soon glabrescent, 3–5-nerved from the base; petiole 0.3–6 cm long, stellate-pubescent; stipules filiform, up to 8 mm long, stellate-pubescent, soon deciduous.. Cymes axillary; peduncles 2.5–7 cm long, as long as or exceeding the petiole, stellate-pubescent; cymules 5–7(–10)-flowered; secondary peduncles up to 2.5 cm long; pedicels 0.3–1.5 cm long; bracts subulate, 2 mm long, stellate-pubescent, deciduous.. Buds ovoid-globose, stellate-pubescent; flowers unisexual, slightly scented.. Calyx campanulate, divided for ± 3/4 of its length into 3 broadly triangular acute or acuminate densely stellate-pubescent lobes 3–4 mm long.. Petals white, narrowly obovate to obovate, 5–6 mm long, narrowed to the base.. Male flowers: stamens numerous, ± 4 mm long; filaments joined at the base; ovary absent.. Female flowers: staminodes numerous, 2–3 mm long; ovary globose, ± 1.3 mm diameter, 2-lobed, stellate-pilose, with 1–2 ovules per locule.. Fruit ellipsoid, up to 1.5 cm long, 2-lobed, each lobe with 2 wings 2–5 cm long, 1–2 cm wide, turning reddish or dull purplish brown with age; eventually ± breaking up; seeds usually solitary, brown, ellipsoid, 5–8 mm long, 4–5 mm wide, very finely rugulose, ± hairy near apex.. Fig. 2.. Sepals oblong-elliptic, 10–12 mm long, 5–6 mm wide.. Petals bright yellow, rounded or obovate, 10–12 mm long, 6–7 mm wide with narrow claw.
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A shrub or tree. It is often 1-5 m tall but can be 12 m tall. The young bark is smooth and silvery grey but becomes darker and cracked. The leaves are alternate. They are large and oval. They are 5-25 cm long. When young they have star shaped hairs. The base of the leaf is rounded. The leaf stalk is 1-2 cm long. The veins underneath the leaf are raised. The flowers are small and whit or pink. They have a scent. They occur in large dense bunches. They are in the axils of leaves. The fruit is pale but becomes a dull brown as it ripens. They are papery winged capsules. The wings are unequal and spread sideways up to 5 cm. They have soft hairs. The capsule breaks open to release the seed.
Leaf-lamina up to 20 × 13 cm., ovate to oblong, acute or obtuse at the apex, with margin entire or repand, rounded or cordate at the base, stellate-pubescent when young but very soon becoming glabrous, 3–5-nerved at the base; petiole up to 6 cm. long, stellate-pubescent; stipules up to 8 mm. long, setaceous, stellate-pubescent, very caducous.
Inflorescence of axillary cymes; peduncles up to 3·5 cm. long and as long as or longer than the petioles, stellate-pubescent; primary branches c. 5, c. 2·5 cm. long, each terminating in a cymule of c. 5–7 flowers; pedicels 0·3–1·0 cm. long, stellate-pubescent; bracts c. 2 mm. long, subulate, stellate-pilose, caducous.
Female flowers with many short sterile stamens 2–3 mm. long and with a sessile 2-lobed stellately pilose ovary c. 1·3 mm. in diam., with 1 or sometimes 2 ovules per loculus; style c. 1 mm. long, pubescent; stigma 2–3-lobed, 1·5 mm. wide, conical.
Calyx campanulate, divided c. 3/4 of the way down into 2–3 lobes; lobes 3–4 mm. long, broadly triangular, acute or acuminate, often unequal, densely stellate-pubescent outside.
Capsule up to 1·5 cm. long, ellipsoid, 2-valved, each valve with 2 unequal obtuse foliaceous wings 2–5 × 1–2 cm. spreading horizontally in a vertical plane, stellate-pubescent.
Male flowers with many stamens c. 4 mm. long; filaments joined at the base; ovary absent.
Small tree up to c. 8 m. tall; young branchlets sparsely stellately hairy, soon glabrous.
Seed usually solitary, 8 × 5 mm., ellipsoid, brown, finely reticulate, villous.
Petals white, 5–6 mm. long, narrowly obovate to obovate, narrowed to the base.
Flowers unisexual, dioecious or more rarely monoecious.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 5.5 - 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
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Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Coastal areas, in open wooded grassland; dry forest and forest edges; dense bushland where it is a colonizer; also on coral limestone, in sandy soils and fringing swamp forest; from sea level to 100 metres. To 550 metres, occasionally 900 metres
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in coastal areas. It is in grassland and dry forest. It is often on coral limestone. It grows from sea level to 100 m above sea level.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The leaves are used as a vegetable. They are washed, cut and cooked.
Uses fiber food fuel gene source material medicinal wood
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Carpodiptera africana world distribution map, present in Comoros, Kenya, Mozambique, Mayotte, and Tanzania, United Republic of

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:833402-1
WFO ID wfo-0000588320
COL ID RGDF
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 807230
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Berrya boivinii Carpodiptera africana Carpodiptera boivinii Carpodiptera minor Carpodiptera sansibarensis Berrya africana Berrya sansibarensis