Carya texana Buckley

Black hickory (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fagales > Juglandaceae > Carya

Characteristics

Trees , to 41 m. Bark dark gray to black, ridged and deeply furrowed. Twigs rusty brown, slender, densely scaly, often pubescent. Terminal buds rusty brown, ovoid, 4-9 mm, densely scaly; bud scales imbricate; axillary buds protected by bracteoles fused into hood. Leaves 2-5 dm; petiole 3-8 cm, glabrous or with scattered coarse hairs, or rarely pubescent, usually with dense coating of scales imparting rusty brown color. Leaflets (5-)7(-9), lateral petiolules 0-1 mm, terminal petiolules 2-10 mm; blades ovate to obovate, elliptic, or linear-elliptic, not falcate, 3-15 × 1-8 cm, margins finely to coarsely serrate, apex acuminate; surfaces abaxially hirsute along base of midrib, otherwise without hairs or hirsute with unicellular and 2-8-rayed fasciculate hairs, densely covered in spring with a few silvery tan, large, peltate scales and many small, 4-lobed, irregular, and round peltate scales imparting rusty brown color, adaxially without hairs, moderately scaly, becoming glabrous. Staminate catkins pedunculate, to 16 cm, stalks with dense coating of rusty brown scales, bracts scaly, with hairs at apex; anthers hirsute. Fruits bronze to reddish brown, obovoid to spheric, not compressed, 3-5 × 2.5-3.5 cm; husks 2-4 mm thick, dehiscing to base or nearly so, sutures narrowly winged; nuts tan, obovoid, slightly compressed, usually not angled, occasionally 2-4-angled, rugulose; shells thick. Seeds sweet. 2 n = 64.
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Bark nearly black, rough, deeply furrowed; buds 5–8 mm, densely covered with resinous, yellowish scales; petiole, rachis, and lower lf-surface densely rusty-pubescent when young, at maturity subglabrous, or pubescent only on the main veins and in the vein-axils; lfls (5)7, pale beneath, the terminal lance-obovate, commonly under 10 cm; fr obovoid, 2–4 cm, densely resinous, eventually splitting to the base; nut pale brown, broadly ovoid or subglobose, scarcely angled, ± compressed, kernel edible; 2n=64. Dry upland woods; s. Ind. to Mo., s. to La. and Tex. (C. buckleyi) Our plants are usually segregated as var. arkansana (Sarg.) Little.
A tree. It grows 15 m high and spreads 8 m wide. The trunk is 30 cm across. The bark is furrowed and dark brown. The leaves are compound and 15-30 cm long. The leaves are mid green. They are made up of 7 sword shaped leaflets. The fruit is round. It splits at the base when ripe.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination anemogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 5.5 - 7.0
Mature height (meter) 15.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Dry sandy woods or rocky slopes. Bottomlands and low wet woods. Lowland and upland woods, usually on sandy soils but also sometimes on limestone.
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It grows between 30 and 850 m altitude in the southern USA. It suits hardiness zones 6-9.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 4-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

Uses environmental use gene source wood
Edible nuts seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Carya texana unspecified picture

Distribution

Carya texana world distribution map, present in United States of America

Conservation status

Carya texana threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77094433-1
WFO ID wfo-0000588851
COL ID RHT7
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Carya buckleyi f. pachylemma Carya buckleyi Carya texana Carya arkansana Carya villosa Hicorius arkansana Hicorius buckleyi Hicorius villosa Hicoria arkansana Hicoria villosa Carya buckleyi var. arkansana Carya buckleyi var. villosa Carya glabra var. villosa Carya texana var. arkansana Carya texana var. villosa Carya buckleyi f. glabra Carya texana f. glabra Carya texana var. texana Hicoria pallida var. arkansana Hicoria glabra var. villosa Hicorius glabra var. villosa Hicorius villosa var. pallida