Cassinopsis ilicifolia (Hochst.) Sleumer

Species

Angiosperms > Icacinales > Icacinaceae > Cassinopsis

Characteristics

A glabrous spiny scrambling shrub, 5 m high; branches alternate, terete, more or less flexuous, shining, green; spines straight, very acute, c. 2.5 cm long, subinterpetiolar, in age apparently at the forks of the older branches. Leaf-lamina 4-6 x 2-2.5 cm, shining above, narrowly ovate, subacuminate and acute at the apex, margin spinulose-serrulate or subentire, broadly cuneate at the base (smaller on the flowering branches); petiole 0.5-0.8 cm long. Flowers white, in subinterpetiolar dichotomous cymes. Petals 3 times as long as the pubescent calyx-lobes. Fruit yellow-orange at maturity, c. 1 cm long, slightly compressed, tipped by the persistent style.
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An evergreen scrambling shrub. It grows 4 m high and spreads 4 m wide. The branches are slender and flexible and are alternate. They can be trailing and they have a zigzag pattern. There are spines on the stems. These are straight and can be 2.5 cm long. The leaves are green and shiny above but dull green underneath. The flowers are cream or white and star shaped. They are 2 mm across. They are in clusters opposite the spines. The fruit are fleshy and slightly flattened. They are bright orange-red when ripe. They are 13 mm long.
Spiny tree or shrub, 1-6 m high; spines straight, ± 25 mm long; glabrous. Leaves 40-60 x 20-25 mm, opposite, petiolate, ovate, shiny above, margins spinulose-serrulate or Sub-Entire. Flowers in subinterpetiolar, dichotomous cymes. Calyx 5-fid; pubescent. Petals 3x as long as calyx lobes, white, imbricate. Stamens 5, inserted at base of corolla; alternating with petals. Ovary sessile; 1 or 2 ovules; style short. Flowering time Sept.-May. Fruit an ovoid drupe, ± 10 mm long, yellow-orange.
Spiny, scrambling shrub, up to 5 m high. Spines straight, very acute, ± 25 mm long. Branches alternate; young ones zigzagging. Leaves opposite; blade elliptic to ovate, 35-60 x 13-26 mm, apex acute, margins with scattered sharp-tipped teeth. Flowers: small; in axillary, dichotomously branched panicles, ± 7 mm wide; bisexual; disc 0; calyx 5-lobed; petals 5, white; Nov.-Jan. Fruit an ovoid or subglobose drupe, ± 12 mm long, with persistent style, yellowish orange when ripe.
Scrambling shrub or small tree to 5 m, often with single interpetiolar thorns. Leaves opposite, elliptic-ovate, margins revolute and sharply toothed. Flowers few in interpetiolar cymes, white.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0
Mature height (meter) 4.5 - 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical and subtropical plant. It grows in mountain forest. It grows in moist well-drained places. It can tolerate frost and drought. It can grow in sun or shade. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity 1-3
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

The ripe fruit are edible.
Uses food medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use Construction (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It can be grown from seeds. Seeds germinate easily. Seedlings can be transplanted at the one leaf stage.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Cassinopsis ilicifolia unspecified picture

Distribution

Cassinopsis ilicifolia world distribution map, present in South Africa

Conservation status

Cassinopsis ilicifolia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:434237-1
WFO ID wfo-0000589543
COL ID RN8H
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cassinopsis ilicifolia Hartogia ilicifolia Cassine ilicifolia Cassine mucronata Cassinopsis capensis Ilex dichotoma