Tree, 12-30 m by 10-60 cm ø; buttresses up to 1.8 m tall, 1 m out; bark surface grey-brown, smooth or finely fissured. Branchlets initially densely set with yellowish brown stellate and simple tomentum, later subglabrous, smooth or finely fissured, or sparsely lenticellate; terminal bud ovoid, 3-5 mm, scales ovate. Stipules ovate-acute, 3-5 mm. Leaves thin-coriaceous, elliptic-oblong, (6-) 10-15(-19) by (2½-)4-5(-7) cm, entire, dis-colorous, above glabrous except the midrib and veins, dull or glossy, greyish green or chocolate brown, underneath with a dense cover of yellowish brown, adpressed stellate hairs and simple long hairs; base rounded and abruptly acute or cuneate, sometimes asymmetrical, apex bluntly acute or 1-1½ cm acuminate; midrib and nerves prominent beneath, flattish or impressed above; nerves (9-) 11-13 (-15) pairs, parallel, ascending, at an angle of 60-70°, arcuating but not anastomosing near the margin; reticulation dense, fine, subscalariform, distinct beneath; petiole 5-15 by 2 mm, densely stellate-tomentose, glabrescent, thickened and rugose at base, adaxially flat or shallowly furrowed. Male rachises 5-10 cm, in lax paniculate clusters; bracts and bracteoles ovate-lanceolate, 0.7-1 by 0.7 mm; ♂ flowers in clusters of 3; perianth deeply incised, lobes 6, ovate, 1½-2 by 1-1½ mm, stamens 10-12, filaments 3-4 mm, anthers 0.25-0.30 mm long, pistillode subglobose, 1½-2 mm ø. Ripe cupule ovoid-ellipsoid, sessile, 7-10 by 5-7 cm; wall woody, 2-3 mm thick; spines much-branched, needle-shaped, 1-2 cm long, regularly set in more or less 6-8 curving lines with space in between the rows; dehiscence apparently irregular. Fruit solitary, ovoid-ellipsoid, 4-6 by 3-5 cm, wall woody, rugose, 3-7 mm thick, completely adnate to the cupule; adaxially flat.
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A tree. It grows 38 m tall. The leaves are alternate and simple. They are hairy underneath. The flowers are about 1 mm across. The fruit are 8 cm long. They are green to brown. The nut is completely enclosed in the cup with long spines.
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