Castanopsis psilophylla Soepadmo

Species

Angiosperms > Fagales > Fagaceae > Castanopsis

Characteristics

Tree, 10-27 m by 20-45 cm ø; buttresses up to 2 m tall, ¾ m out; bark greyish brown, smooth or scaly. Branchlets glabrous almost from the beginning, smooth, dark purplish brown, lenticels none or very few; terminal bud ovoid-ellipsoid, 2-3 by 1-2 mm, scales linear-acute, sparsely pube-rulous. Stipules linear, 3-4 mm, very early caducous. Leaves somewhat discolorous, mostly glossy above, glabrous on both sides, (6-)10(-16) by (1-)3½(5) cm (index (2.3-)2.8-4.2), widest about the middle, sometimes below; base rounded to acute, slightly decurrent, top acute to sharply acuminate with tip ½-2 cm; midrib and nerves more or less prominent on both surfaces; nerves 9-12 pairs at an angle of 60-70°, parallel, arcuating and disappearing towards the margin; reticulation fine, obscure on both surfaces; petiole ½-1½ cm, adaxially flat or shallowly sulcate, glabrous. Inflorescence male, female, or mixed. Male rachis 5-15 cm, 1-2 mm ø, with dense stellate tomentum; bracts ovate-acute, 1 by 5 mm, also hairy; ♂ flowers in clusters of 3-7, perianth deeply 6-lobed, the lobes 1 mm long, hairy outside; stamens 12, filaments 1½-2 mm, glabrous, anthers 0.2-0.25 mm long, pistillode rounded-triangular, 1 mm ø, densely woolly pubescent. Female or mixed rachis 6 cm, with dense stellate tomentum; ♀ flowers in clusters of 3-7, perianth deeply 6-lobed, lobes 0.5-0.75 mm long, acute, hairy outside; staminodes 12, well-developed and producing good pollen or rudimentary; styles 3, conical, recurved, 1 mm. Young infructescence to 20 cm, carrying 4-12 young fruits. Young cupule subsessile, turbinate, beset with concentric bands of short tubercles. Ripe cupule asymmetrically pear-shaped or depres-sed-obovoid, with 2 or more lobes, completely enclosing the 3-7 fruits, green-brownish velvety with stellate or simple hairs, 1½-2½ cm through; wall ½ mm thick, covered with several symmetrical ridges of short tubercles sometimes recurved; dehiscence into 2-4 segments, more or less regular. Fruits 3 or more, ovoid-complanate, 1½-2 cm through, scar covering 2/5-4/5 part of the surface, the remainder densely brownish tomentose.
More
A tree. It grows 30 m tall. The trunk is 50 cm across. The bark is smooth or has fine cracks. The leaves are thin and leathery. They are smooth on both surfaces. They are oval and 8-15 cm long by 3-5 cm wide. The flowering stalks are separately male and female of mixed. The male flowering stalks are 6-8 cm long and the flowers are in clusters of 3. The female and mixed flowering stalks are 6-8 cm long and have flowers in clusters of 3-4. The fruit cup is pear shaped and 2-3 cm across. It has a golden coating. There are 3-5 nuts in each cup.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
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Mature width (meter) 0.5
Mature height (meter) 20.0 - 27.0
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Environment

Primary and secondary hill mixed dipterocarp forests, growing on sandy or basaltic soils; at elevations up to 1,000 metres.
More
In forests on sandy or basaltic soil, in the lowlands up to 1000 m. Fl. April and July, fr. June and Nov.
A tropical plant. It grows in primary forest up to 1,000 m above sea level.
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Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

Uses charcoal dye fiber wood
Edible nuts seeds
Therapeutic use -
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Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
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Distribution

Castanopsis psilophylla world distribution map, present in Indonesia, Malaysia, and Philippines

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:358434-1
WFO ID wfo-0000814865
COL ID RP45
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Castanopsis psilophylla