Trees. Young shoots black to black-brown when dry, glabrous. Petiole 1.5-3 cm; leaf blade ovate-elliptic, ovate, oblong, or obovate-elliptic, 15-30 × 5-10(-13) cm, leathery, dark purple-brown when young, abaxially thinly covered with reddish brown to yellowish brown, waxy scalelike trichomes, base rounded to shortly cuneate and symmetric or sometimes inaequilateral, margin serrate except basally entire, apex acuminate, mucronate, or caudate; midvein adaxially impressed; secondary veins 15-18 on each side of midvein. Female inflorescences 5-25 cm; rachis 4-6 mm thick. Cupule globose, 6-8 cm in diam., splitting into 4(or 5) regular segments, wall 3-4 mm thick; bracts spinelike, entirely covering cupule, 1.5-2.5 cm, subglabrous to sparsely puberulent, base usually connate into bundles. Nut 1 per cupule, ± conical, 1.5-1.8 × 2-2.8 cm, hairy; scar covering ca. 1/4 of nut. Fl. Apr-May, fr. Aug-Oct of following year.
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A tree. The young shoots are black to dark brown when dry. The leaf stalk is 1.5-3 cm long. The leaf blade is oval or oblong. It is 15-30 cm long by 5-10 cm wide. It can be wider. Leaves are leathery and dark purple-brown when young. Underneath they are covered with reddish-brown scale like structures. The base is round or heart shaped and can be equal or unequal. The leaf tapers to the tip. The mid vein is sunken on the upper surface. There are 15-18 side veins on each side of the midrib. The female flowering stalk is 5-25 cm long. The cup is round and 6-8 cm across. It splits into 4 or 5 regular segments. It is covered with spine like bracts. It is 1.5-2.5 cm across. There is 1 nut per cup. The nut is cone shaped and 1.5-1.8 cm long by 2-2.8 cm wide. It is hairy.
Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
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