Cephalanthera damasonium Druce

White helleborine (en), Céphalanthère de damas (fr), Céphalanthère à grandes fleurs (fr), Céphalanthère pâle (fr), Céphalanthère blanche (fr), Elléborine blanche (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Cephalanthera

Characteristics

Plants leafy, autotrophic, 14-36 cm tall. Stem slender, smooth or sometimes scabrous toward apex, with 2-5 basal sheaths, 4-or 5(-7)-leaved. Leaves elliptic to oblong, becoming smaller and linear-lanceolate above, 3-6 × (0.5-)1.2-2 cm, apex acute to acuminate. Inflorescence laxly (1 or)2-or 3(-5)-flowered; rachis 1-2.5 cm; floral bracts foliaceous, lanceolate to elliptic, 30-50 × 5-12 mm, all exceeding ovary. Flowers suberect, rarely opening fully, white, 1.5-2.5 cm; pedicel and ovary 10-12 mm. Sepals narrowly obovate-elliptic, 1.6-1.8 cm × 5.5-6.5 mm, 7-veined, apex obtuse to acute. Petals subobovate, 13-14 × ca. 6 mm, apex acute to acuminate; lip 8-9 mm, 2-partite; hypochile gibbous-saccate, enclosed within bases of lateral sepals, with an orange-yellow patch near base of disk; hypochile lobes erect and loosely embracing column, ovate-triangular, 2-2.5 mm; epichile transversely elliptic, ca. 4 × 8 mm, densely papillose toward apex, with 3 longitudinal, orange lamellae in basal half, obtuse-truncate. Column 9-11 mm, with 2 narrow, oblong wings; anther ovoid, ca. 2.5 mm. Fl. Jun. 2n = 36, 54.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination autogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.15 - 0.36
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 1-6
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Cephalanthera damasonium habit picture by Denis Bastianelli (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera damasonium habit picture by Ludovic Lavigne (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera damasonium habit picture by Didier Bazile (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Cephalanthera damasonium leaf picture by Olivier Rousseaux (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera damasonium leaf picture by claire Felloni (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera damasonium leaf picture by Peter Moree (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Cephalanthera damasonium flower picture by Савченко Никита (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera damasonium flower picture by alain baggi (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera damasonium flower picture by Olivier Rousseaux (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Cephalanthera damasonium fruit picture by hilde decuypere hilde decuypere (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera damasonium fruit picture by Ruud Verkerke (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera damasonium fruit picture by Rita van Ditzhuijzen (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cephalanthera damasonium world distribution map, present in Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, France, Greece, Hungary, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Myanmar, Netherlands, Palau, Poland, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, and Ukraine

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:622369-1
WFO ID wfo-0000828965
COL ID 5XHBY
BDTFX ID 15685
INPN ID 89920
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Cephalanthera damasonium f. spicata Cephalanthera damasonium f. gracilis Cephalanthera damasonium f. collina Serapias damasonium Serapias ochroleuca Serapias tota-alba Cephalanthera ochroleuca Cymbidium pallens Cephalanthera lancifolia Cephalanthera latifolia Epipactis alba Cephalanthera yuennanensis Cephalanthera latifolia f. collina Cephalanthera latifolia f. gracilis Cephalanthera latifolia f. pienena Epipactis alba f. spicata Cephalanthera latifolia f. spicata Cephalanthera latifolia f. adenophora Epipactis lancifolia Epipactis ochroleuca Cephalanthera alba Serapias lancifolia Serapias pallens Cephalanthera pallens subsp. ochroleuca Cephalanthera pallens var. pienena Cephalanthera pallens var. gracilis Cephalanthera pallens var. collina Cephalanthera alba var. adenophora Cephalanthera damasonium