Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch

Sword-leaved helleborine (en), Céphalanthère à feuilles étroites (fr), Céphalanthère à feuilles en épée (fr), Céphalanthère à feuilles longues (fr), Céphalanthère à longues feuilles (fr)

Species

Plantae > Pteridobiotina > Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Cephalanthera

Characteristics

Plants leafy, autotrophic, 20-50 cm tall. Stem slender to somewhat robust, with 3-5 loosely clasping basal sheaths, 4-7-leaved. Leaves elliptic, lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, 4-16 × 0.5-3 cm, apex acuminate to long acuminate. Inflorescence subdensely 2-20-flowered; rachis 1.5-6 cm; floral bracts linear-lanceolate to narrowly triangular, basal 1 or 2 usually foliaceous and to ca. 70 mm, distal ones 2-6 mm. Flowers weakly spreading, white, 1-1.5 cm; pedicel and ovary 6-10 mm. Sepals narrowly rhombic-elliptic or narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, 11-16 × 3.5-4.5 mm, 5-veined, apex acuminate or subacute. Petals subobovate, 7-8 × ca. 4 mm, 5-7-veined, apex acute or mucronate; lip 5-7 × 6-9 mm, 2-partite; hypochile saccate, enclosed within bases of lateral sepals, with a small orange patch in middle of disk; hypochile lobes erect and embracing column, subovate-triangular, 3-4 mm, apex subacute; epichile triangular-cordate, 3-4 × 5-6 mm, with 3-5 orange lamellae, densely papillose toward apex, apex obtuse to acute. Column 4-6 mm, with 2 small oblong wings; anther 2-2.5 mm; stigma stalked. Capsule elliptic, 1.7-2 × 0.6-0.8 cm. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 16, 32, 34, 34 + 2B, 42.
More
An orchid. It grows 20-60 cm tall. The stem is slender with 3-5 loosely clasping sheaths. There are 4-7 leaves. These are narrow and 4-16 cm long by 0.5-3 cm wide. There are 2-20 flowers on a flowering stem.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.6
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 5-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible bulbs
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Cephalanthera longifolia habit picture by Manuel Ortiz (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia habit picture by Martin Allan (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia habit picture by Nicolas Lagarrigue (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Cephalanthera longifolia leaf picture by stéphanie georget (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia leaf picture by Jean-Denis Kramkimel (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia leaf picture by salma culleron (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Cephalanthera longifolia flower picture by myriam pied (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia flower picture by Sílvia Gilart (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia flower picture by Sílvia Gilart (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Cephalanthera longifolia fruit picture by Clément Garcia (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia fruit picture by Jean-Marie Frenoux (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia fruit picture by andrea (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cephalanthera longifolia world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Pakistan, Palau, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tunisia, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:622389-1
WFO ID wfo-0000829212
COL ID 69HBG
BDTFX ID 15692
INPN ID 89926
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Serapias lonchophyllum Cephalanthera ensifolia Cephalanthera lonchophylla Cephalanthera longifolia f. pilosa Cephalanthera ensifolia var. cesari-gonzalezii Cephalanthera longifolia f. pumila Cephalanthera longifolia Limodorum grandiflorum Serapias alba Serapias pallida Cephalanthera longifolia var. rosea Cephalanthera acuminata Cephalanthera grandiflora Cephalanthera maravignae Cephalanthera pallens Cephalanthera xiphophyllum var. latifolia Cymbidium xiphophyllum Epipactis pallida Epipactis ensifolia Cephalanthera longifolia f. conformis Cephalanthera longifolia f. angustifolia Epipactis longifolia Epipactis ensifolia Helleborine longifolia Serapias grandiflora Serapias longifolia Serapias nivea Limodorum longifolium Serapias ensifolia Serapias helleborine var. longifolia Cephalanthera ensifolia var. maravignae Cephalanthera alpicola var. shizuoi Cephalanthera longifolia f. latifolia Cephalanthera longifolia var. latifolia Cephalanthera longifolia var. gibbosa Epipactis longifolia var. gibbosa Epipactis longifolia var. longibracteata Cephalanthera longifolia f. longibracteata Epipactis longifolia var. pilosa Cephalanthera ensifolia var. acuminata Serapias grandiflora var. ensifolia Epipactis grandiflora Serapias longifolia Cephalanthera erecta var. shizuoi Cephalanthera ensifolia Serapias grandiflora subsp. ensifolia Cephalanthera longifolia var. pilosa Limodorum acuminatum Cephalanthera mairei Cephalanthera taiwaniana Cephalanthera shizuoi Cephalanthera alpicola Cephalanthera elegans Cephalanthera thomsonii Epipactis grandifolia Epipactis pallens Serapias xiphophyllum Serapias longifolia Cephalanthera longifolia subsp. conferta Epipactis xiphophylla Cephalanthera angustifolia Cephalanthera conferta Cephalanthera xiphophylla