Cephalanthera longifolia (L.) Fritsch

Sword-leaved helleborine (en), Céphalanthère à feuilles étroites (fr), Céphalanthère à feuilles en épée (fr), Céphalanthère à feuilles longues (fr), Céphalanthère à longues feuilles (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Cephalanthera

Characteristics

Plants leafy, autotrophic, 20-50 cm tall. Stem slender to somewhat robust, with 3-5 loosely clasping basal sheaths, 4-7-leaved. Leaves elliptic, lanceolate, or oblong-lanceolate, 4-16 × 0.5-3 cm, apex acuminate to long acuminate. Inflorescence subdensely 2-20-flowered; rachis 1.5-6 cm; floral bracts linear-lanceolate to narrowly triangular, basal 1 or 2 usually foliaceous and to ca. 70 mm, distal ones 2-6 mm. Flowers weakly spreading, white, 1-1.5 cm; pedicel and ovary 6-10 mm. Sepals narrowly rhombic-elliptic or narrowly elliptic-lanceolate, 11-16 × 3.5-4.5 mm, 5-veined, apex acuminate or subacute. Petals subobovate, 7-8 × ca. 4 mm, 5-7-veined, apex acute or mucronate; lip 5-7 × 6-9 mm, 2-partite; hypochile saccate, enclosed within bases of lateral sepals, with a small orange patch in middle of disk; hypochile lobes erect and embracing column, subovate-triangular, 3-4 mm, apex subacute; epichile triangular-cordate, 3-4 × 5-6 mm, with 3-5 orange lamellae, densely papillose toward apex, apex obtuse to acute. Column 4-6 mm, with 2 small oblong wings; anther 2-2.5 mm; stigma stalked. Capsule elliptic, 1.7-2 × 0.6-0.8 cm. Fl. May-Jun, fr. Sep-Oct. 2n = 16, 32, 34, 34 + 2B, 42.
More
An orchid. It grows 20-60 cm tall. The stem is slender with 3-5 loosely clasping sheaths. There are 4-7 leaves. These are narrow and 4-16 cm long by 0.5-3 cm wide. There are 2-20 flowers on a flowering stem.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.2 - 0.6
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 5-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible bulbs
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Cephalanthera longifolia habit picture by Corinne SAUTEREAU (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia habit picture by lolo P (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia habit picture by claire Felloni (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Cephalanthera longifolia leaf picture by Annie Charbonnel (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia leaf picture by Bernhard Betz (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia leaf picture by lologramme (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Cephalanthera longifolia flower picture by Bernhard Betz (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia flower picture by Gutiérrez Arturo (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia flower picture by Leo Thijssen (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Cephalanthera longifolia fruit picture by Jean-Marie Frenoux (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia fruit picture by Marijk Hoed (cc-by-sa)
Cephalanthera longifolia fruit picture by Clément Garcia (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cephalanthera longifolia world distribution map, present in Afghanistan, Albania, Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Iran (Islamic Republic of), Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Morocco, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Pakistan, Palau, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Tunisia, Taiwan, Province of China, Ukraine, and Uzbekistan

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:622389-1
WFO ID wfo-0000829212
COL ID 69HBG
BDTFX ID 15692
INPN ID 89926
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Limodorum grandiflorum Serapias pallida Serapias xiphophyllum Limodorum acuminatum Serapias alba Serapias ensifolia Serapias grandiflora Serapias lonchophyllum Serapias longifolia Cephalanthera conferta Cephalanthera alpicola Cephalanthera angustifolia Cephalanthera elegans Cephalanthera longifolia Cymbidium xiphophyllum Cephalanthera lonchophylla Cephalanthera mairei Cephalanthera maravignae Cephalanthera shizuoi Cephalanthera taiwaniana Cephalanthera thomsonii Cephalanthera xiphophylla Epipactis grandifolia Epipactis pallens Epipactis pallida Epipactis xiphophylla Cephalanthera acuminata Cephalanthera longifolia f. latifolia Cephalanthera longifolia f. pilosa Cephalanthera pallens Cephalanthera longifolia f. longibracteata Cephalanthera longifolia f. pumila Epipactis grandiflora Epipactis longifolia Epipactis ensifolia Serapias longifolia Serapias longifolia Cephalanthera ensifolia Cephalanthera grandiflora Epipactis ensifolia Helleborine longifolia Serapias nivea Limodorum longifolium Serapias helleborine var. longifolia Cephalanthera longifolia var. rosea Cephalanthera ensifolia var. maravignae Cephalanthera longifolia subsp. conferta Cephalanthera alpicola var. shizuoi Cephalanthera xiphophyllum var. latifolia Cephalanthera longifolia var. latifolia Cephalanthera ensifolia var. cesari-gonzalezii Cephalanthera longifolia var. gibbosa Epipactis longifolia var. gibbosa Epipactis longifolia var. longibracteata Epipactis longifolia var. pilosa Cephalanthera ensifolia var. acuminata Serapias grandiflora var. ensifolia