Cephalocroton mollis Klotzsch

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Cephalocroton

Characteristics

A perennial slightly woody much-branched herb or subshrub up to 2 m. tall, rarely taller.. Bark light grey.. Twigs sparingly stellate-pubescent, with or without long-stalked glandular hairs.. Leaves alternate, subsessile, rarely subopposite or sub verticillate; blade ovate-oblong, oblong or elliptic-oblong, (2.5–) 4–6 cm. long, 1–3.5 cm. wide, obtuse or rarely subacute at the apex, rounded or cuneate at the base, subentire  or indistinctly toothed, chartaceous, 3–5-nerved from the base, lateral nerves 4–6(–8) pairs, not or scarcely prominent above, slightly so beneath, evenly or sparingly stellate-pubescent to subglabrous above and beneath; petioles 0.5–2(–3) mm. long, densely or evenly stellate-pubescent.. Stipules linear-lanceolate, 1–2.5 mm. long, acute, stellate-pubescent.. Male peduncles 3–9 cm. long, evenly to densely stellate-pubescent, occasionally with a solitary cluster of flowers below the terminal head.. Male flowers: bracts subulate, 1.5 mm. long, stellate-pubescent; pedicels 3–4 mm. long, glabrous or subglabrous; calyx-lobes 4, ovate or elliptic-ovate, 2 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. wide, acute or subacute, glabrous without and within, cream or greenish cream; stamens 4–6, filaments 4–5 mm. long, rich yellow, anthers 1 mm. long, brighter or paler yellow than the filaments; pistillode cylindrical, 1 mm. long, truncate and not or scarcely lobulate at the apex.. Female flowers 0–5 at the base of the ♂ peduncle; bracts resembling the stipules; pedicels 3–5 mm. long, extending to 2.8 cm. in fruit, densely to evenly stellate-pubescent; sepals 6, bipinnatipartite, the lateral lobes linear, with lateral subulate or filiform processes, strongly accrescent, 4 mm. long, 2 mm. wide, extending to 2.3 cm. long and 1.3 cm. wide in fruit, stellate-pubescent without and within, green with a pale median axis; ovary 3-lobed, 1.5 mm. long, 2 mm. diameter, densely stellate-pubescent; styles 3, 8 mm. long, united at the base for 0.2–0.25 of their length, multifid, the ultimate segments filiform, glabrous, yellow.. Fruits trilobed, 1 cm. long, 1.5 cm. diameter, evenly stellate-pubescent.. Seeds ovoid-subglobose, 7.5 mm. long, 6 mm. wide, pinkish brown, lightly mottled, dull.. Fig. 55/1–7.
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A herb. It can be a small shrub with several stems. It has underground stems or rhizomes. It can grow 3.6 m high. It has a woody rootstock. The new stems have hairs. The leaf blades can be 1-11 cm long by 1-5 cm wide. They are narrowly oval. The flowers are in clusters at the ends of branches. They are white with yellow stamens. The male flower head is 2 cm across. There is a ring of 1-4 female flowers at its base. The fruit are 1 cm long by 1.5 cm wide. It is a woody capsule. They are green and hairy. The seeds are 6-8 mm across and light brown.
Leaf blades 1–10.5 × 0.5–5 cm, ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, acute or obtuse at the apex, rounded, truncate or very shallowly cordate at the base, entire or subentire on the margins, chartaceous, 3–5-nerved from the base, evenly or sparingly stellate-pubescent to subglabrous on upper surface, more densely so beneath, sometimes slightly viscid, pale grey-green or almost glaucous, sometimes pinkish-tinged; lateral nerves in 4–6(10) pairs, not or scarcely prominent.
Female flowers: pedicels 3–5 mm long, extending to 7 cm in fruit, pubescent; sepals 6, 4 × 2 mm, extending to 2.5 × 1 cm in fruit, bipinnatipartite, the lateral lobes linear, the lobules subulate-filiform, pubescent, green; ovary 1.5 mm in diameter, 3-lobed, densely pubescent; styles 4–5 mm long, the segments filiform, glabrous, orange-yellow.
Male flowers: pedicels 3–4 mm long, ± glabrous; calyx lobes 4, 2 × 1–1.5 mm, ovate to elliptic-ovate, ± acute, usually glabrous, pale yellowish-green; stamens 5–6 mm long, filaments orange-yellow, anthers 1 mm long, pale yellow; pistillode 1 mm high, cylindric, scarcely lobulate.
Much-branched shrub, up to 1 m high. Twigs, leaves and pedicels stellate velvety. Leaves simple, oblong, subentire, subsessile. Styles yellow. Flowers yellow.
Male flowering head 0.5–2 cm in diameter; peduncle 1–10 cm long, with a whorl of 1–4(7) female flowers at its base; bracts resembling the stipules.
Stems evenly to densely stellate-pubescent at first, with or without glandular hairs, later glabrescent and greyish with white lenticels.
An erect, much-branched, woody perennial herb or shrub up to 3.6 m tall, with the stems arising from a woody rootstock.
Fruit 0.6–1.1 × 1.3–1.7 cm, evenly pubescent, green. Columella 6 mm high, broadly winged.
Seeds 6–8 mm in diameter, fawn or light brown, dull.
Stipules 1–4 mm long, subulate-filiform.
Plants rarely dioecious.
Petioles 0.5–7 mm long.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.02
Mature height (meter) 1.5
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Clay soil and black cotton soil in dried-out depressions; areas of impeded drainage and seasonal swamps in open, rough grassland and mixed open bushland; hot dry veld, usually on sandy soil; dry water courses; mopane woodland and scrub.
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It is a subtropical plant. It grows in hot arid areas. It needs deep, well-drained sandy soils or loams. It grows between 25-1,100 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The kernel of the seeds is eaten raw. The root tubers are occasionally eaten.
Uses animal food food medicinal poison social use vertebrate poison
Edible fruits roots seeds tubers
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Cephalocroton mollis world distribution map, present in Botswana, Mozambique, Namibia, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Cephalocroton mollis threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:340479-1
WFO ID wfo-0000830363
COL ID SCYP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cephalocroton pueschelii Cephalocroton depauperatus Cephalocroton mollis