Cestrum nocturnum L.

Night jessamine (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Solanales > Solanaceae > Cestrum

Characteristics

Shrub or tree to 5 m tall, sometimes scandent; twigs green, minutely puberulent, very leafy. Leaves to 11 cm long, ovate, sometimes broadly so, apically acute or acuminate, basally rounded or obtuse, fine puberulent when emerging, glabrous with maturity; petioles ca. 1 cm long; minor leaves mostly wanting. Inflorescences several, axillary or terminal, mostly many-flowered, con-gested, sparingly branched panicles; peduncle slender with scattered leafy bracts; pedicels short with linear-lanceolate bracteoles 2-3 mm long. Flowers strongly night-scented, calyx 2 mm long, campanulate, fine puberulent inside and out, the lobes acuminate, enlarging slightly and becoming costate and mucronulate in fruit; corolla greenish or yellowish white, drying yellowish, the tube slender, 14-17 mm long, glabrous outside, sometimes pilose inside at the point of filament insertion; stamens equal, the filaments ca. 3 mm free, distinctly dentate at or just below the point of insertion, mostly glabrous; stigma slightly exserted. Fruit a hard or juicy black berry, elliptical or slightly obovoid, to 10 mm long.
More
Large shrub or small tree to 4 m high; young twigs sparsely pubescent. Leaves lanceolate-elliptic; lamina 10–15 cm long, 4–7 cm wide, the midrib pubescent below; petiole 5–10 mm long. Inflorescence an often congested, terminal, leafy panicle of spike-like racemes; flowers numerous, sessile or on pedicels to 3 mm long, subtended by leafy, linear bracts 3–10 mm long. Calyx c. 2.5 mm long; lobes triangular, c. 0.8 mm long. Corolla greenish-yellow, slightly enlarged upwards; lobes c. 4 mm long. Stamens inserted in upper half of corolla-tube; filaments c. 3 mm long, with an erect process just below point of insertion, retrorsely pubescent where adnate to tube; anthers 0.5 mm long. Style 15–16 mm long. Berry 8–10 mm diam., white. Seeds prismatic, c. 4 mm long.
Shrub, generally 1.5-2.5 m high, almost glabrous. Petiole c. 1 cm long. Lamina 5-15 × 1.5-6 cm, elliptic to elliptic-ovate, glabrous or with minute puberulence when young; base cuneate to rounded, sometimes asymmetric; apex abruptly acuminate. Panicle open, large; fls usually shortly pedicellate, sometimes subsessile, fragrant nocturnally. Calyx 2-3 mm long; lobes > 1 mm long, ± triangular, densely ciliolate, acute. Corolla 1.5-2 cm long, pale green or greenish white; tube cylindric to narrow-funnelform, widening slightly above; lobes 3 mm long, eventually spreading, glabrous except for shortly villous margins. Fr. c. 0.5-1 cm diam., globose to ellipsoid, white, glossy.
Shrubs erect or sprawling, 1-3 m tall; young growth puberulent, glabrescent. Branches slender. Petiole 0.8-2 cm; leaf blade oblong-ovate or oblong-lanceolate, 6-15 × 2-4.5 cm, entire. Inflorescences drooping, many-flowered, axillary or terminal racemose panicles, 7-10 cm. Flowers strongly night scented. Pedicel 1-5 mm. Calyx campanulate, 2-3 × 1-1.5 mm; lobes deltoid, 0.5-0.8 mm. Corolla greenish or whitish yellow, 1.5-2.5 cm, tube slightly contracted at throat, lobes 3-4 mm. Filaments with dentate appendages, usually puberulent at point of insertion. Ovary ca. l mm. Berry white, juicy, oblong or globose, 6-10 × 4-10 mm. Seeds 1-5, ellipsoid, 3.5-4.5 mm.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 2.0
Mature height (meter) 2.5 - 3.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Moist and wet forests and open areas, often forming dense, impenetrable thickets.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses environmental use invertebrate food material medicinal poison
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Diuretics (aerial part), Hypotension (aerial part), Parasympatholytics (aerial part), Anti-bacterial agents (flower), Antifungal agents (flower), Anemia, hemolytic (leaf), Cardiotonic agents (leaf), Cardiotoxins (leaf), Epilepsy (unspecified), Hysteria (unspecified), Nerves (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Spasm (unspecified), Cardiotonic agents (unspecified), Antiviral agents (whole plant excluding root), Cardiovascular system (whole plant excluding root), Diuretics (whole plant excluding root)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Cestrum nocturnum leaf picture by Mélanie Herteman (cc-by-sa)
Cestrum nocturnum leaf picture by Rodriguez B Javier (cc-by-sa)
Cestrum nocturnum leaf picture by Alejandro Letona (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Cestrum nocturnum flower picture by Mélanie Herteman (cc-by-sa)
Cestrum nocturnum flower picture by daniela HQ (cc-by-sa)
Cestrum nocturnum flower picture by VEZZANI RICHARD (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Cestrum nocturnum fruit picture by ashleigh saunders (cc-by-sa)
Cestrum nocturnum fruit picture by christiane Fazer (cc-by-sa)
Cestrum nocturnum fruit picture by Ausea Lan (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cestrum nocturnum world distribution map, present in American Samoa, Australia, Bangladesh, Belize, Brazil, China, Cameroon, Colombia, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ethiopia, Fiji, Micronesia (Federated States of), Equatorial Guinea, Guatemala, Guam, Honduras, Haiti, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mexico, Marshall Islands, Myanmar, Martinique, Mauritius, Malawi, Nicaragua, Niue, Nepal, New Zealand, Pakistan, Panama, Philippines, Puerto Rico, Réunion, Trinidad and Tobago, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Cestrum nocturnum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:815110-1
WFO ID wfo-0001020728
COL ID T5SD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 446016
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Cestrum hirtellum Cestrum leucocarpum Cestrum nocturnum Cestrum nocturnum Cestrum polyanthum Cestrum propinquum Cestrum spicatum Cestrum viride Cestrum suberosum Chiococca nocturna Cestrum multiflorum Cestrum nocturnum var. mexicanum