Chelidonium L.

Celandine (en), Chélidoine Grande (fr)

Genus

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Papaveraceae

Characteristics

Herbs, perennial, erect, blue-gray, yellow lactiferous. Rootstock brown. Stems erect, terete, cymosely branched. Basal leaves in a lax rosette, long petiolate, pinnatisect; lobes obovate-oblong, broadly obovate, or lanceolate, margin crenate, deltoid-lobed, or nearly pinnatisect. Cauline leaves alternate, shortly petiolate; blade like basal leaves. Flowers many, forming axillary umbels, bracteate. Flower buds ovoid. Sepals 2, olivine. Petals 4, yellow, in 2 whorls. Stamens many. Ovary terete, 1-loculed, 2-carpellate, glabrous; styles distinct; stigmas 2-lobed. Capsule narrowly terete, almost moniliform, glabrous, when mature 2 segments divided from base to apex; stigmas persistent. Seeds many, shiny, small, tessellate, cristately carunculate.
More
Herbs , biennial or perennial, caulescent, from stout rhizomes or taproots; sap yellow to orange. Stems leafy. Leaves petiolate; basal rosulate, cauline alternate; blade 1-2× pinnately lobed. Inflorescences axillary or terminal, umbelliform, few flowered; bracts present. Flowers: sepals 2, distinct; petals 4; stamens ca. 12-many; pistil 2-carpellate; ovary 1-locular; style ± distinct; stigma 2-lobed. Capsules erect, 2-valved, dehiscing from base. Seeds few to many, arillate. x = 6.
Perennial herbs with orange latex. Lvs pinnate, glabrous, green above, glaucous beneath; leaflets crenate. Fls few, in terminal or axillary umbels. Sepals 2, entire, free, falling as fl. opens, not horned. Petals 4, not crumpled in bud, yellow. Stigma 2-lobed; style short. Capsule 1-locular, dehiscing by 2 valves from below. Seeds irregularly obovate, with crested aril.
Sep 2; pet 4, yellow; ovary narrowly cylindric, glabrous, narrowed above into a very short style with 2-lobed stigma; fr smooth, dehiscent from the base upwards by elongate valves; seeds arillate; biennial with saffron-colored juice, deeply lobed lvs, and few-fld umbelliform infls. Monospecific.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) -
Root system rhizome tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Antispasmodic (unspecified), Anodyne (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 12 - 18
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Chelidonium unspecified picture

Distribution

Chelidonium world distribution map, present in China, New Zealand, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:31637-1
WFO ID wfo-4000007794
COL ID 3MMR
BDTFX ID 86156
INPN ID 190670
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Chelidonium

Lower taxons

Chelidonium majus Chelidonium asiaticum