Chenopodium capitatum (L.) Asch.

Blite goosefoot (en), Épinard-fraise en tête (fr), Chénopode en tête (fr), Blette en tête (fr), Épinard-fraise à têtes (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Amaranthaceae > Chenopodium

Characteristics

Erect, glabrous, non-aromatic, eglandular and scarcely farinose annual, 20-50 cm tall. Stems simple or branched. Petiole 1-6 cm long. Lamina 1.5-8 × 0.8-5.5 cm, narrow-triangular with 2 narrow-acute lobes at base, purple beneath, at least when young, sinuate and occasionally toothed above; base cuneate; apex acute. Infls terminal and axillary, of discrete, sessile, subglobose, many-flowered glomerules; lvs subtending lower and middle glomerules decreasing in size upwards. Perianth segments 0.5-1.0 mm long, reddish, accrescent, rather narrow and scarcely touching at anthesis. Fruiting heads 1-1.5 cm diam., scarlet; perianth succulent; pericarp very thin, transparent, strongly persistent. Seed vertical, 0.8-1 × 0.6-0.7 mm, broadly oblong-ellipsoid or subreniform; margin acute; testa dark brown, minutely pitted.
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Erect or ascending annual 2–6 dm, branched from the base; lower petioles often much exceeding the blades, the upper much shorter; lvs triangular or triangular-hastate, to 10 cm, acute, broadly truncate to an acute base, above the lateral angles entire to coarsely sinuate-dentate; fls in a limited number of globose clusters 5–10 mm thick at anthesis (to 15 mm in fr), these forming a terminal lfless spike, or some also in the upper axils; cal deeply 3-parted, the segments oblong to obovate, concave, at maturity commonly enlarged, fleshy, deliquescent-coalescent, and bright red; seeds erect, dull black, 0.7–0.8 mm wide, narrowly margined; 2n=18. Woodland clearings, often following a fire, and along roadsides in waste places; circumboreal, in our range s. to N.J., Ind., and Mo. (Blitum c.)
An annual plant that looks like "fat hen" in appearance. It grows 20-40 cm high. The stems are smooth and erect. The leaves are alternate and dark-green. The flowers are in round heads without stalks. In the axils of leaves it has red fruit. They are berry-like and juicy.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination anemogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 0.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in waste ground and recently burnt clearings. It grows in wet ground in the Rocky Mountains.
More
Rubbish tips etc in Britain.
Light 5-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

The red fruit can be eaten. They are tasteless but nutritious. They can be boiled and seasoned. The fruit can be used as a red dye for other foods. The leaves are edible cooked. Young leaves are used in salads.
Uses dye food gene source medicinal
Edible fruits leaves saps seeds
Therapeutic use Pulmonary Aid (seed), Dermatological Aid (unspecified), Eye Medicine (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

The plant self seeds easily.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 49
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity light
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Chenopodium capitatum unspecified picture

Distribution

Chenopodium capitatum world distribution map, present in Austria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Germany, Denmark, Algeria, Spain, Estonia, France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Croatia, Hungary, Italy, Liberia, Libya, Morocco, Netherlands, New Zealand, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Tunisia, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:164855-1
WFO ID wfo-0000601151
COL ID 5XR2B
BDTFX ID 79323
INPN ID 619105
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Blitum tataricum Blitum terminale Chenopodium capitatum Morocarpus capitatus Chenopodium capitatum Blitum petiolare Blitum virgatum var. capitatum Chenopodium capitatum var. parvicapitatum Chenopodium capitatum var. capitatum Blitum capitatum