Chiococca alba Hitchc.

West indian milkberry (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Gentianales > Rubiaceae > Chiococca

Characteristics

Vines or shrubs (trees?), the twiglets smooth, glabrous, usually ultimately wiry, the branchlets perpendicular, opposite. Leaves ovate oblong, oblong, rarely rotund, 2.2-13.5 cm long, 1.3-6.0 cm wide, tapering acutely, obtuse or somewhat rounded toward the apex, often acuminate, the acumen often arising from a con-tracted apex, 1.0-1.5 cm long, acute or obtuse, often falcate, basally acute, at-tenuate acute, obtuse or rounded, the costa slender, prominulous above and beneath, the lateral veins 4-5, arcuate, uniting to form a submarginal vein 4-5 mm from the margin in the larger blades, the intervenal areas smooth, the fine endings of the venules regularly evanescent, stiffly papyraceous to subcoriaceous, usually glossy above, glabrous; petioles to 0.8 cm long, glabrous; stipules often persistent, widely triangular to oblong, 1.5-5.0 mm long, acute or contracted at the apex into a median subulate awn, to 4 times the length of the body. Inflores-cences axillary, solitary, or often 2 per node, 2.5-8.0 cm long, racemiform or paniculate, the flowers occasionally solitary or in sessile cymules; peduncles slen-der, 0.7-7.0 cm long, ca. 0.35 mm wide, glabrous, the lowermost branches to 4.5 cm long. Flowers pedicellate, the pedicels 2-5 mm long; hypanthium subrotund, somewhat compressed, glabrous, the calycine cup ca. 1 mm long, the teeth acute, 5, about as long as the carnose, glabrous, eglandular cup; corolla white or yellow, urn shaped, 3-4 mm long, glabrous inside and out, petaloid, the lobes 5, oblong, slightly shorter than the tube, tapering obtusely; stamens 5, the anthers at first linear, then narrowly oblong, ca. 4 mm long at anthesis, the filaments slender, 1.2 mm long, pubescent, at the very base connate into a ring adnate to the corolla tube; style linear, 5-6 mm long, the stigmatic area turgid, to 1.3 mm long, the 2 lobes obtuse. Fruits white, fleshy, compressed, 4-8 mm in diam., the persistent calyx short.
More
A woody vine or scrambling shrub. It can be 6 m tall. The leaves are opposite and simple. They are 5-11 cm long and oval. The flowers are yellow and bell shaped. They are in groups of 6 to 8. The fruit is white and fleshy. It is 4-7 mm across. There are usually 2 dark brown seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 6.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It grows in the tropics and subtropics.
More
Tropical moist forests.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

The roots are pounded and made into a tea. Caution: It can probably produce abortions.
Uses medicinal ornamental tea
Edible fruits roots
Therapeutic use Astringent (unspecified), Bechic (unspecified), Bite(Snake) (unspecified), Blennorrhagia (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Dropsy (unspecified), Emetic (unspecified), Expectorant (unspecified), Medicine (unspecified), Pectoral (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Emollient (unspecified), Antipyretics (whole plant), Cathartics (whole plant), Diuretics (whole plant), Emetics (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. Seedlings grow slowly. Aerial layering and rooted cuttings can be used.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Chiococca alba habit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Chiococca alba habit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Chiococca alba habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Chiococca alba leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Chiococca alba leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Chiococca alba leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Flower

Chiococca alba flower picture by Renato Lima (cc-by-sa)
Chiococca alba flower picture by Renato Lima (cc-by-sa)
Chiococca alba flower picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Chiococca alba fruit picture by Ceballos Dereck (cc-by-sa)
Chiococca alba fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Chiococca alba fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Chiococca alba world distribution map, present in Bahamas, Belize, Bermuda, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Ecuador, Guatemala, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Jamaica, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, United States of America, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Conservation status

Chiococca alba threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:56535-2
WFO ID wfo-0000844784
COL ID 69S4N
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629317
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Chiococca bermudiana Chiococca densifolia Chiococca floridana Chiococca macrocarpa Chiococca parviflora Chiococca racemosa Chiococca trisperma Chiococca parvifolia Chiococca petensis Chiococca pinetorum Chiococca anguifuga Chiococca capitata Chiococca latifolia Chiococca paniculata Chiococca pubescens Chiococca petenensis Chiococca micrantha Chiococca alba f. pilosa Chiococca brachiata Chiococca brachiata var. grandifolia Chiococca brachiata var. valida Chiococca brachiata var. conjungens Chiococca brachiata var. intercedens Chiococca brachiata var. biformis Chiococca brachiata var. intermedia Chiococca brachiata var. diplomorpha Chiococca brachiata var. rigidula Chiococca brachiata var. acutifolia Chiococca brachiata var. microphylla Chiococca brachiata var. subrhombea Chiococca brachiata var. lanceolata Chiococca brachiata var. petiolaris Chiococca brachiata var. acuminata Chiococca brachiata var. densifolia Chiococca brachiata var. tenuifolia Chiococca pubescens var. peninsularis Chiococca racemosa var. cubensis Chiococca racemosa var. jacquiniana Chiococca racemosa var. laxiflora Chiococca racemosa var. yucatana Chiococca trisperma var. angustifolia Chiococca alba var. micrantha Chiococca alba subsp. parvifolia Chiococca alba var. parvifolia Chiococca anguifuga var. pubescens Chiococca densifolia var. cubensis Chiococca racemosa var. floridana Chiococca racemosa var. longifolia Chiococca racemosa var. scandens Chiococca alba subsp. alba Chiococca brachiata var. genuina Chiococca alba