Chloranthus spicatus Makino

Species

Angiosperms > Chloranthales > Chloranthaceae > Chloranthus

Characteristics

Subshrubs erect or slightly prostrate, 30-60 cm tall. Stems terete, glabrous. Leaves opposite; petioles 0.8-1.8 cm, base ± connate; leaf blade elliptic or obovate-elliptic, 5-11 × 2.5-5.5 cm, thickly papery, glandular mucronate, pale yellowish green abaxially, deep green and shiny adaxially, base cuneate, margin crenate-serrate, apex acute or obtuse; lateral veins 6-8 pairs, slightly prominent on both surfaces. Spikes arranged in panicles, usually terminal, rarely axillary; bracts triangular. Flowers yellowish green, small, very fragrant. Stamens 3; connectives confluent and ovate, apical part irregularly 3-lobed; central lobe larger, sometimes apex shallowly 3-lobed again, with 2-loculed anther sacs; lateral lobes smaller, each with a 1-loculed anther. Ovary obovoid. Fl. Apr-Jul, fr. Aug-Sep. 2n = 30.
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Small glabrous shrub, 0.5-1.5 m, with ascending or ± spreading branches. Leaves oblong-ovate or ovate-elliptic to elliptic, 4-13.5 by 2-8.5 cm, rather obtuse or at least not or scarcely acuminate at the apex, cuneate at the base, rather coarsely crenate-serrate, nerves 4-6 pairs; petiole 0.4-1.2 cm; stipules membranous, linear, 2-3 mm, mucronate. Inflorescences terminal with 10-20 ascending spikes 2-5 cm long; peduncles 3-8 cm; bracts 1.5 mm; bracteoles 1 mm. Anthers 3, the central with 2 locelli and the laterals 1-locellate, the cells ±0.5 mm long. Fruit green or yellowish, 4 by 2 mm, narrowed at the base.
A small shrub. The leaves are opposite and have teeth around the edge. They are oval or sword shaped and taper to the tip. The leaves are fragrant. The flowers are in spikes. They are greenish white and at the ends of branches. The fruit are white berries with black spots. The small flowers look like millet and smell like cymbidiums.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support -
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in the subtropics.
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Forests at elevations of 200-1,000 metres.
Light 4-6
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-12

Usage

The flowers are used to scent tea. The petals are removed. (Chu-lan-cha) It has occasionally been used as a spice.
Uses environmental use essential oil food medicinal social use spice tea wood
Edible flowers leaves
Therapeutic use Boil (unspecified), Carbuncle (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Malaria (unspecified), Poultice (unspecified), Sudorific (unspecified), Tea (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Chloranthus spicatus unspecified picture
Chloranthus spicatus unspecified picture

Distribution

Chloranthus spicatus world distribution map, present in China, Japan, Cambodia, Sri Lanka, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Thailand, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:167824-1
WFO ID wfo-0000603131
COL ID 5Y98J
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Nigrina spicifera Nigrina spicata Chloranthus inconspicuus Chloranthus indicus Chloranthus obtusifolius Chloranthus spicatus Creodus odorifer Chloranthus odorifer