Chrysanthemum indicum L.

Chrysanthème d'Inde (fr), Chrysanthème des Indes (fr), Dendranthème des Indes (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asterales > Asteraceae > Chrysanthemum

Characteristics

Herbs, perennial, 0.25-1 m tall, with long or short procumbent rhizomes. Stems erect or diffuse, branched, sparsely pilose. Lower leaves withered at anthesis. Middle stem leaves: petiole 1-2 cm; leaf blade ovate, long ovate, or elliptic-ovate, 3-7(-10) × 2-4(-7) cm, both surfaces pale green or olive, sparsely pubescent or less densely so abaxially, pinnatifid, pinnatilobed, or inconspicuously divided, base truncate, somewhat cordate or broadly cuneate. Synflorescence a lax terminal flat-topped cyme. Capitula many or few. Phyllaries in 5 rows, scarious margin broad, white or brown, apex obtuse or rounded, outer ones ovate or ovate-triangular, 2.5-3 mm, middle ones ovate, 6-8 mm, inner ones narrowly elliptic, ca. 1.1 cm. Ray floret lamina yellow, 1-1.3 cm, apex entire or 3-denticulate. Achenes 1.5-1.8 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Nov. 2n = 18, 35-38, 36*, 40, 54.
More
A herb which keeps growing from year to year. It grows 25-100 cm tall. It forms rhizomes or stolons. The leaves are narrowly oval and 3-7 cm long by 2-4 cm wide. They are pale green on both sides. The leaves have lobes. It produces clusters of single yellow flowers. These are 2.5 cm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 1.0
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Found wild in most habitats. Grasslands on mountain slopes, thickets, wet places by rivers, fields, roadsides, saline places by seashores, under shrubs; at elevations from 100-2,900 metres.
More
Found wild in most habitats. Grasslands on mountain slopes, thickets, wet places by rivers, fields, roadsides, saline places by seashores, under shrubs; at elevations from 100-2,900 metres.
It is a tropical plant. It grows in grasslands on mountain slopes, in wet places along rivers and in salty soils near sea shores between 100-2,900 m above sea level. In Sichuan and Yunnan.
Light 6-9
Soil humidity 2-6
Soil texture 4-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

The roots and leaves are used as food. The young leaves are eaten fresh or boiled. The flower heads are pickled in vinegar. The flower heads are used for tea. The seeds are edible.
Uses environmental use gene source material medicinal oil tea
Edible flowers fruits leaves roots seeds
Therapeutic use Anti-inflammatory agents (aerial part), Anti-inflammatory agents (flower), Antineoplastic agents (flower), Appetite stimulants (flower), Laxatives (flower), Acne vulgaris (leaf), Anthelmintics (leaf), Antifungal agents (leaf), Antinematodal agents (leaf), Headache (leaf), Insecticides (leaf), Laxatives (leaf), Migraine disorders (leaf), Oral ulcer (leaf), Skin diseases (leaf), Ulcer (leaf), Anti-inflammatory agents (stem), Abscess (unspecified), Alexiteric (unspecified), Antiphlogistic (unspecified), Bactericide (unspecified), Boil (unspecified), Collyrium (unspecified), Depurative (unspecified), Digestive (unspecified), Hypertension (unspecified), Infection (unspecified), Insecticide (unspecified), Migraine (unspecified), Mump (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified), Skin (unspecified), Stomachic (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Tonic (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Aperient (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Encephalomyelitis (unspecified), Head (unspecified), Abdominal pain (unspecified), Gastrointestinal diseases (unspecified), Gonorrhea (unspecified), Wounds and injuries (unspecified), Anti-bacterial agents (whole plant)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings, divisions or seedlings.
Mode cuttings divisions seedlings
Germination duration (days) 10 - 18
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -10
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Chrysanthemum indicum habit picture by tdb (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Chrysanthemum indicum leaf picture by Pascal Naud (cc-by-sa)
Chrysanthemum indicum leaf picture by Zori 🌿🐝🌳 K (cc-by-sa)
Chrysanthemum indicum leaf picture by Joseph Dupont (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Chrysanthemum indicum flower picture by Krysz Tov (cc-by-sa)
Chrysanthemum indicum flower picture by Anne Maugé (cc-by-sa)
Chrysanthemum indicum flower picture by Страхил Иванов (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Chrysanthemum indicum world distribution map, present in Bulgaria, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Bhutan, China, Costa Rica, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Spain, France, Honduras, India, Italy, Japan, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Mauritius, Nepal, Pakistan, Philippines, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Portugal, Réunion, Sao Tome and Principe, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Taiwan, Province of China, Uzbekistan, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:193510-1
WFO ID wfo-0000041005
COL ID 5YJHG
BDTFX ID 17149
INPN ID 91047
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Chrysanthemum lushanense Dendranthema indicum Chrysanthemum purpureum Chrysanthemum procumbens Tanacetum indicum Dendranthema littorale Chrysanthemum japonicola Chrysanthemum tripartitum Chrysanthemum nankingense Dendranthema nankingense Pyrethrum matricarioides Matricaria procumbens Arctotis elegans Pyrethrum procumbens Chrysanthemum yamazutanum Chrysanthemum littorale Chrysanthemum koraiense Achillea berdana Chrysanthemum indicum var. edule Chrysanthemum japonicum var. japonicum Chrysanthemum indicum var. acutum Chrysanthemum indicum var. indicum Chrysanthemum indicum var. lushanense Chrysanthemum indicum var. coreanum Dendranthema indicum var. iyoense Chrysanthemum indicum var. procumbens Dendranthema indicum var. huludaoense Dendranthema indicum var. aromatica Chrysanthemum indicum var. hibernum Dendranthema indicum var. procumbens Dendranthema indicum var. maruyamanum Dendranthema littorale subsp. coreana Dendranthema indicum var. edule Chrysanthemum indicum var. litorale Chrysanthemum indicum var. albescens Dendranthema indicum var. tsurugisanense Dendranthema coreanum subsp. littorale Pyrethrum sinense var. japonicum Dendranthema indicum var. acutum Chrysanthemum lavandulifolium var. acutum Chrysanthemum indicum

Lower taxons

Chrysanthemum indicum var. aromaticum