Cicuta maculata L.

Spotted water hemlock (en), Ciguë maculée (fr), Grande ciguë (fr), Ciguë tachetée (fr), Ciguë tachée (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Apiales > Apiaceae > Cicuta

Characteristics

Stem stout, much branched, to 2 m; principal lvs twice or thrice pinnately compound, with wholly separate lfls, the uppermost less dissected or even simple; lfls linear to lanceolate, 3–10 cm, sharply and coarsely serrate to nearly entire, the primary lateral veins directed to the sinuses, whence one fork often extends into a tooth; umbels numerous, surpassing the leafy shoot, 5–12 cm wide; fr ovoid to orbicular, 2–4 mm, with prominent, rounded, pale brown ribs separated by darker intervals; 2n=22. Swamps, marshes, and ditches; N.S. and Que. to Alas., s. to Fla., Calif., and Mex. June–Aug. (C. mexicana) We have only the var. maculata.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 7-9
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses insecticide medicinal poison smoking
Edible -
Therapeutic use Febrifuge (leaf), Poison (root), Ceremonial Medicine (root), Contraceptive (root), Antirheumatic (External) (root), Dermatological Aid (root), Veterinary Aid (root), Hunting Medicine (root), Unspecified (root), Febrifuge (root), Hunting Medicine (shoot), Disinfectant (unspecified), Orthopedic Aid (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Suicide (unspecified), Tumor (unspecified), Contraceptive (unspecified), Fatality (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) 20
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Cicuta maculata leaf picture by Brianna Brinkley (cc-by-sa)
Cicuta maculata leaf picture by william Anders (cc-by-sa)
Cicuta maculata leaf picture by Ken Borgfeldt (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Cicuta maculata flower picture by kathy gilbert (cc-by-sa)
Cicuta maculata flower picture by David Smith (cc-by-sa)
Cicuta maculata flower picture by Brianna Brinkley (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cicuta maculata world distribution map, present in Canada and United States of America

Conservation status

Cicuta maculata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:58605-2
WFO ID wfo-0000604489
COL ID 99HPG
BDTFX ID 17347
INPN ID 91191
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Cicuta mexicana Cicutaria maculata Cicuta maculata var. curtissii Cicuta virosa var. maculata Cicuta maculata var. maculata Cicuta maculata

Lower taxons

Cicuta maculata var. angustifolia Cicuta maculata var. bolanderi Cicuta maculata var. victorinii