Cinnamomum iners (reinw. ex Nees & T.nees) Blume

Species

Angiosperms > Laurales > Lauraceae > Cinnamomum

Characteristics

Trees, up to 20 m tall, to 20 cm d.b.h. Branches always opposite, robust; branchlets terete or obtusely tetragonous, dark brown when dry, densely puberulent initially but soon glabrate. Buds small, ovoid; bud scales densely sericeous. Leaves subopposite; petiole red-brown, robust, 1-3 cm, ± densely pubescent; leaf blade opaque yellow-green abaxially, shiny green adaxially, ovate or elliptic, 12-35 × 5.5-8.5 cm, thickly leathery, densely pubescent initially soon glabrate but not glabrous abaxially, glabrous adaxially, trinerved or triplinerved, basal lateral veins arising at or up to 10 mm above leaf base, basal lateral veins and midrib elevated on both surfaces, transverse veins and veinlets slightly conspicuous on both surfaces or inconspicuous adaxially and ± visible abaxially, base broadly cuneate to subrounded, apex obtuse or emarginate. Panicles axillary or terminal, solitary or ternate, 6-26 cm, several branched; branches 1-2.5(-6) cm, apex bearing a 3-7-flowered cyme; peduncles 3-10(-15) cm, peduncle and rachis densely pubescent. Pedicels 2.5-5 mm, densely gray pubescent. Flowers greenish, 4-5(-6) mm. Perianth densely gray pubescent outside and inside; perianth tube obconical, 1-2 mm; perianth lobes 6, acute, outer ones ovate-oblong, ca. 4 × 2 mm, inner ones oblong, narrower, ca. 4 × 1.5 mm. Fertile stamens 9, ca. 3 mm (of 1st and 2nd whorls) or ca. 3.6 mm (of 3rd whorl); filaments villous, those of 3rd whorl each with 2 orbicular glands near base, others glandless; anthers of 1st and 2nd whorls ovate-oblong, nearly as long as filaments, each with 4 introrse cells, those of 3rd whorl oblong, narrower, ca. 1.5 mm, slightly shorter than filaments, each with 4 extrorse cells. Staminodes 3, conspicuous, sagittate-triangular, ca. 2.3 mm, long stalked. Ovary ovoid, ca. 1.5 mm; style slender, ca. 3 mm; stigma discoid, lobed. Fruit ovoid, 9-10(-12) × ca. 7 cm, apiculate, greenish or green when fresh; perianth cup in fruit obconical or bowl-shaped, slightly dilated, up to 8 mm wide, with somewhat dilated or patent persistent lobes at apex; fruit stalk somewhat thickened. Fl. Mar-Apr, fr. May-Jun.
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A large tree. It grows to 20 m high. The trunk can be 20 cm across. The leaves are opposite, smooth and leathery. The leaf blades are 12-35 cm long by 5.5-8.5 cm wide. New flushes of leaves follow rain and are reddish pink. They are rounded at the base and taper to the tip. The flowers are yellowish and borne in compound flower clusters. The fruit is oval. It is 10 cm long by 7 cm wide. It is greenish when fresh.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 20.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) 0.9
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. They occur in Mindanao, Tawi-tawi, Samar, Palawan and Mindanao in the Philippines. In southern China it grows between 140 and 1000 m altitude. In Yunnan.
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An understorey tree of undisturbed to slightly disturbed mixed dipterocarp and sub-montane forests at elevations up to 1,800 metres. Mostly on hillsides and along rivers.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The bark is used as a spice. The leaves are used as seasoning especially in curries. An essential oil distilled from the leaves is used to flavour candy and sweetmeats. The fruit are recorded as eaten.
Uses construction essential oil fiber food material medicinal seasoning spice timber wood
Edible barks fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Headache (unspecified), Antidote(Antiaris) (unspecified), Carminative (unspecified), Deobstruent (unspecified), Diaphoretic (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Fever (unspecified), Parturition (unspecified), Stimulant (unspecified), Post-Natal (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Lactogogue (unspecified), Bite(Snake) (unspecified), Perspiration (unspecified), Post-Partum (unspecified), Antidote(Rhus) (unspecified), Colic (unspecified), Complexion (unspecified), Sedative (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown by seeds.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Cinnamomum iners unspecified picture

Distribution

Cinnamomum iners world distribution map, present in Australia, Brunei Darussalam, China, Indonesia, India, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Cinnamomum iners threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:463467-1
WFO ID wfo-0000605131
COL ID 5YVKR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Laurus cassia Laurus caryophyllata Laurus culillaban Camphora lanceolata Cinnamomum aromaticum Cinnamomum calyculatum Cinnamomum curtisii Cinnamomum dasyanthum Cinnamomum rauwolfii Cinnamomum subcuneatum Cinnamomum griffithii Cinnamomum iners Cinnamomum manillarum Cinnamomum neglectum Cinnamomum reinwardtii Cinnamomum nitidum Laurus malabathrum Cinnamomum eucalyptoides Cinnamomum gracile Laurus malabathrum Cinnamomum iners var. angustifolium Cinnamomum nitidum var. iners Cinnamomum javanicum var. neglectum Cinnamomum nitidum var. spurium Cinnamomum nitidum var. subcuneatum Cinnamomum iners var. latum Cinnamomum nitidum var. oblongifolium Cinnamomum nitidum f. angustifolium Cinnamomum nitidum f. borneense