Cipadessa baccifera Miq.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Meliaceae > Cipadessa

Characteristics

Shrubs or trees, usually 1-4(-10) m tall. Bark coarse. Young branches grayish brown, ribbed, covered with yellow pubescence and sparse grayish white lenticels. Leaves 8-30 cm; petiole and rachis cylindric, glabrous or covered with yellow trichomes; leaflets usually 9-13, opposite; leaflet blades ovate to ovoid-oblong, 3.5-10 × 1.5-5 cm, smaller basally than apically on rachis, papery, both surfaces covered with appressed yellowish gray pubescence or abaxially only pubescent along veins and adaxially glabrous, secondary veins 8-10 on each side of midvein, base oblique and rounded, cuneate, or broadly cuneate, margin entire or apical half serrate, apex acute, acuminate, or mucronate. Thyrses 8-15 cm, branches corymbose; peduncle and branches covered with yellow pubescence. Flowers 3-4 mm in diam. Pedicel 1-1.5 mm. Calyx short, outside covered with sparse yellow pubescence; lobes broadly triangular. Petals white or yellow, linear to oblong-elliptic, 2-3.5 mm, outside covered with sparse appressed pubescence. Outside of staminal tube and filaments glabrous, inside covered with trichomes; anthers inserted between 2 lobes of filament tip, ovoid, glabrous. Fruit purple to black when mature, globose, 4-5 mm in diam. Fl. Apr-Oct, fr. Aug-Feb.
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Shrubs or small trees, 2–6(–9) m tall, sometimes ± subscandent. Bark smooth, mottled, finely lenticellate; hard, white to slightly pink, odourless and tasteless (Elmer). Leafy twigs 3–5 mm diam., lenticellate, ±finely pubescent, sericeous at apex. Leaves 10–28 cm long; paler abaxially, petiole to 6 cm, terete, pubescent. Leaflets 4–6(–7) on each side, opposite, 2–11 by 1.5–4 cm, narrowly oblong to ovate, entire or irregularly dentate owards apex, ± pubescent on both surfaces at least on veins, but especially abaxially; apex acuminate; base weakly asymmetric, acute or rarely ± rounded; veins c. 6–9 on each side, arcuate, prominent abaxially; petiolule to 8 mm (-2 cm in apical leaflet), or absent. Thyrses 8–21 cm long, branched at apex of rachis 4–12 cm long, ascendant, silky pubescent; bracts 1.5 mm long, subulate, sericeous; bracteoles c. 1 mm, sericeous; pseudopedicel c. 3 mm, sericeous. Calyx lobes c. 1 mm long, triangular, spreading, pubescent, persistent in fruit. Petals 3.5–4 mm long, ovate, greenish or cream to white, densely pubescent without. Filaments 1.5–2.5 mm long, anthers yellow. Ovary 5–6-angular, glabrous, style c. 0.7 mm, glabrous. Drupe c. 5 mm diam., longitudinally grooved, reddish brown. 2n = 28, 56.
A shrub. It grows to 1-5 m high. The leaflets along the stalk end with a leaflet at the end. The leaflets have short stalks. Leaflets are hairy on the upper surface. The flowers are small and green. They occur in the axils of leaves. The fruit are purple to black when ripe. They are round and 4-5 mm across.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
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Sexuality -
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Mature height (meter) 1.0 - 5.0
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Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical and subtropical plant. In Nepal, plants grow 250-1700 m altitude. They grow in open places. In southern China it grows between 200-2,100 m above sea level. In XTBG Yunnan.
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Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

UsesAnon., l.c. (1972) reports (sub Cipadessa cinerascens) that the seeds, which contain some 11% oil, are used in soap manufacture in China.
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The leaves are used for flavouring curries and pickles. The ripe fruit are eaten fresh.
Uses construction material medicinal oil
Edible fruits leaves
Therapeutic use Ache(Stomach) (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed.
Mode seedlings
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Images

Leaf

Cipadessa baccifera leaf picture by Derrick Yson (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cipadessa baccifera world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Indonesia, India, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Nepal, Philippines, Thailand, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Conservation status

Cipadessa baccifera threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:577971-1
WFO ID wfo-0000605567
COL ID VFMP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Melia baccifera Mallea subscandens Mallea rothii Mallea integerrima Cipadessa baccifera Cipadessa cinerascens Ekebergia indica Ekebergia indica Rhus blinii Cipadessa sinensis Cipadessa baccifera var. sinensis Cipadessa fruticosa var. cinerascens Cipadessa fruticosa Cipadessa subscandens Cipadessa warburgii