Cissus aralioides Planch.

Species

Angiosperms > Vitales > Vitaceae > Cissus

Characteristics

Extensive liane or herbaceous climber 2–2.5 m. long, woody at the base; stems often violet-purple or yellowish, thick, ± fleshy, cylindrical, 3–5 mm. in diameter, glabrous or glabrescent except sometimes (? not in East Africa) laxly reddish pilose at the nodes and a tuft within the axils of the stipules, sometimes with densely scattered black points; the lower stems can be up to 7.5 cm. in diameter and ridged and angular when dry; tendrils simple or bifid, glabrous or glabrescent.. Leaves 3–9-foliolate; leaflets somewhat fleshy, the median one narrowly oblong-elliptic to oblong-obovate, 3.5–18(–25) cm. long, 1.5–8 cm. wide, narrowly long decurrent into the petiolule, the laterals asymmetrically oblong-elliptic, ovate-oblong or ± elliptic, glabrous except for a few hairs at base of the midrib beneath, dentate, the teeth red, subulate or short and thick; petiole 1.5–15 cm. long, glabrous or glabrescent; petiolules 0–2.5 cm. long; stipules ovate-elliptic, oblong or ± falcate, 2–8 mm. long, 1.5–4 mm. wide, rounded at the apex, ± cordate at the base, sometimes slightly peltate, glabrous.. Flowers in compound cymes 4–10 cm. long, made up of umbelliform cymules; peduncle 1.5–3 cm. long, glabrescent or laxly pubescent; pedicels 4–7(–10) mm. long, lengthening to 1.5 cm. in fruit, glabrous to golden pilose or scurfy; bracts and bracteoles triangular, 1–1.5 mm. long, glabrous or glabrescent.. Calyx cupuliform, 1 mm. tall, glabrous to densely pubescent.. Flowers 3.5–5 mm. long; corolla glabrous but finely papillose.. Petals usually red outside, greenish white or cream inside or sometimes entirely so, narrowly triangular, 3 mm. long, glabrous.. Stamens 2.5 mm. long.. Ovary glabrous; style 1 mm. long.. Fruits blue-purple, oblong-ovoid, 0.8–3 cm. long, 0.8–2 cm. wide, glabrous, edible.. Seeds oblong up to 1.5 cm. long, 7–8 mm. wide, 4 mm. thick, strongly laterally compressed; basal projection short; median keel thick; surface smooth.
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A large creeper. It can be 25 m long. It is woody at the base. It climbs to the top of the forest canopy. The stems are green and succulent. The leaf stalks are slender and fleshy. They are 9-12 cm long. The leaves are compound with 5 leaflets. The leaflets are oblong and 5-8 cm long by 3-4 cm wide. There are small teeth along the edge and a point at the tip. The flowers are in compound groups. There can be 10-12 flowers in a group. The flowers are greenish white. The fruit is a round berry 2.5 cm across. It is bluish-purple and has one seed.
Leaves digitate, glabrous; petiole 4–15 cm. long, glabrous; leaflet-lamina up to 18 × 5·8 cm., elliptic to oblanceolate, shortly caudate to acute at the apex, margin serrate, attenuate at the base into a petiolule, glabrous.
Cymes up to 10 cm. long; peduncle 2–3 cm. long, pubescent to glabrescent; pedicels 4 mm. long lengthening to 15 mm. in fruit, pubescent; bracts and bracteoles 1·5 mm. long.
A lofty climber, woody at the base; with stout succulent terete stems constricted at the nodes, and sometimes subsucculent leaves
Liane; stems cylindric, somewhat succulent, constricted at the nodes, glabrous; tendrils 2-fid, glabrous.
Seed 1, 1·5 × 8 cm., smooth with a dorsal crest.
Flowers greenish or whitish, comparatively large
Calyx 1 mm. long, subentire, glabrous.
Fruits reddish, turning blue-purple.
Stipules up to 8 × 4 mm., falcate.
Flower-bud 4–5 mm. long, glabrous.
Ovary glabrous; style 1 mm. long.
Fruit up to 3 × 2 cm., ovoid.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention -
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 12.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Coastal and riverine evergreen forest; semi-deciduous forest; disturbed forest; coastal bushland; wet Acacia bushland; grassland; often in thicket on granite rocks and termite mounds; damp dense primitive woods, swampy forests; 15-1,600 metres.
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A tropical plant. It grows in deciduous forest and on the edge of the jungle.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) -

Usage

The seeds are cooked and eaten.
Uses environmental use food material medicinal social use
Edible fruits seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:67514-1
WFO ID wfo-0000606020
COL ID VKBB
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Vitis aralioides Cissus aralioides Cissus caillei Cissus constrictus Cissus oliviformis Vitis constricta

Lower taxons

Cissus aralioides subsp. orientalis