Cissus integrifolia Planch.

Species

Angiosperms > Vitales > Vitaceae > Cissus

Characteristics

Extensive climber to 5 m. reaching tops of trees or thicket-forming; older stems woody, sometimes with corky surface, not winged, producing gum-like exudate when cut, ± glabrous except for a few scattered hairs when young but sometimes with low tubercles; tendrils bifid, becoming woody.. Leaves simple, broadly ovate, 3.5–12.5 cm. long, 2–12 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, truncate, rounded or slightly cordate at the base, entire or obscurely toothed; tertiary venation plane; petiole 2–9 cm. long; stipules very broadly ovate, up to 2 mm. long and wide, ciliate, soon falling.. Flowers in lax cymes; peduncle 1.5–6 cm. long; pedicels 4–5 mm. long, glabrous to minutely puberulous; bracts and bracteoles broadly ovate, ± 1 mm. long and wide.. Buds broadly oblong-cylindric, 2.5 mm. long, 2 mm. wide.. Calyx 2–3 mm. wide, ± 0.5 mm. long, entire, glabrous.. Petals yellowish green or whitish, oblong or ovate, falling almost immediately, glabrous.. Ovary white, glabrous; style 1.5 mm. long.. Fruit pink or red to dark purple with a bloom, ellipsoid, 2–3 cm. long, 1–2.5 cm. wide, glabrous.. Seed 1, compressed-ovoid, 1.6 cm. long, 8 mm. wide, with strong dorsal crest and a few lateral ridges.
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Leaves simple; petiole up to 5 cm. long; leaf-lamina up to 10·3 × 9·3 cm. but usually smaller, broadly ovate, acuminate at the apex, margin entire or obscurely dentate, usually truncate at the base or sometimes slightly cordate or rounded, tertiary veins on lower surface not raised; stipules 2 × 2 mm., very broadly ovate, ciliate, caducous.
A shrub or vine up to 9 m tall. It has gum like sap. It has tendrils opposite the leaves. The leaves are round or slightly long. They are about 5 cm long. They have a long drawn out tip. The flowers are yellow. The fruits are oval and 20 mm long. They are red and covered with a bloom.
Climber to tops of trees; older sterns woody, not winged, producing gumlike exudate when cut; plant with scattered caducous hairs when young, otherwise ± glabrous; tendrils 2-fid, becoming woody on older sterns.
Cymes lax; peduncle up to 6 cm. long; pedicels 4–5 mm. long; bracts and bracteoles up to 1 × 1 mm., broadly ovate.
Seed 1, 16 × 8 mm., with a strong dorsal crest and a few lateral ridges.
Ripe fruit red with a bloom, up to 20 × 10 mm., ellipsoid, glabrous.
Flower-bud 2·5 × 2 mm., very broadly oblong-cylindric.
Ovary glabrous; style 1·5 mm. long.
Calyx c. 0·5 mm. long, ± entire.
Petals yellowish-green.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support climber
Foliage retention -
Sexuality -
Pollination -
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Nitrogen fixer -
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Environment

A tropical plant. It grows amongst vegetation near rivers. In Zimbabwe it grows up to 1,100 m above sea level.
Light -
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The leaves are used as a relish and as a famine food. The fruit are eaten. The stems have a clear sap which is drunk.
Uses medicinal
Edible fruits leaves stems
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
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Distribution

Cissus integrifolia world distribution map, present in Kenya, Mozambique, Malawi, South Sudan, Tanzania, United Republic of, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:67739-1
WFO ID wfo-0000606413
COL ID VKMP
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cissus trinervis Cissus integrifolia