Cissus petiolata Hook.F.

Species

Angiosperms > Vitales > Vitaceae > Cissus

Characteristics

Extensive somewhat succulent liane or scrambler 1.8–18 m. long or forming tangled masses on rocks and vegetation; stems 4-angled, glabrous or slightly hairy or young shoots and leaves sometimes ferruginous hairy, becoming woody and developing corky wings up to 1.2 cm. wide on the angles; tendrils usually simple.. Leaves usually not succulent, round to broadly ovate or rhombic, (4–)7–13(–15) cm. long, (2–)5.5–13 cm. wide, acuminate at the apex, cordate at the base, repand-denticulate at the margin, rarely faintly lobed, glabrous or with a few hairs when young on nerves beneath particularly at the base, or sometimes densely ferruginous pubescent when very young, 3–5-nerved at the base; petiole 2–11 (–15) cm. long, pubescent when young; stipules ± round, 1.5–3 mm. long and wide, glabrous.. Flowers in terminal and axillary much-branched cymes 3–8 cm. long, on old wood or young shoots, the ultimate elements umbelliform; axes sparsely to densely rusty pubescent; peduncle 1.5–4.5 cm. long, glabrous or rusty pubescent; pedicels 3–9 mm. long, spreading or adpressed rusty pubescent, lengthening to 1.3 cm. in fruit.. Calyx 1 mm. long, entire or slightly lobed, pubescent when young, soon glabrous.. Petals greenish white or greenish yellow, sometimes tipped purplish (also described as ‘rusty brown’), oblong, ± 3 mm. long, glabrous.. Ovary glabrous; style 1–2 mm. long.. Fruit green, presumably turning reddish, ± globose, 8–12 mm. diameter, glabrous, 1(–4)-seeded.. Seeds subglobose 6–7 mm. long, 5.5 mm. wide, 4 mm. thick, with short basal projection and 1 well-marked crest and 2 subsidiary ones, the surface smooth.. Fig. 3.
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Leaves simple, glabrous or with a few hairs on the petioles and lower surface of the leaf when young; petiole up to 10·8 cm. long but usually shorter; leaf-lamina up to 13 × 13 cm. but usually somewhat smaller, circular to broadly ovate, acuminate at the apex, margin repand-denticulate with teeth usually c. 1 mm. long, cordate at the base, 3–5-nerved at the base with 4 pairs of nerves above; stipules subcircular, glabrous, up to 1·5 × 1·5 mm.
A creeper. The young stems are 4 sided. Older stems are 3-4 cm across. There are broad corky wings. It has simple tendrils. The leaves are simple and broadly oval. They are 13 cm long by 13 cm wide. They are heart shaped at the base. There are slight teeth along the edges. The leaf stalk is 11 cm long. The flowers are in branched clusters in the axils of leaves or near the ends of branches. The fruit are oval and 8 mm across.
Cymes terminal and axillary, much-branched; peduncle up to 4·5 cm. long, glabrous; primary branches of inflorescence sparingly pubescent; pedicels up to 8 mm. long, pubescent, lengthening to 13 mm. in fruit and becoming glabrous.
Vigorous climber; stems ± quadrangular, glabrous, becoming woody when old and developing longitudinal corky wings up to 1·2 cm. broad on the angles; tendrils simple.
Seeds up to 4 per fruit, only 1 usually becoming fully developed, smooth, c. 6 mm. long with one well-marked crest and 2 subsidiary ones.
A climber with tetragonal stems becoming woody with age and bearing 4 or more corky wings
Calyx 1 mm. long, pubescent when young.
Flower-bud conical, up to 3 mm. long.
Ovary glabrous; style 1–2 mm. long.
Fruit c. 8 mm. in diam., glabrous.
Fruits reddish when ripe.
Flowers greenish-white
Petals glabrous.
Life form perennial
Growth form -
Growth support climber
Foliage retention -
Sexuality -
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
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Flower color
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Fruit color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in lowland rainforest. It suits humid locations. It Malawi it grows between 750-1,100 m altitude.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The seeds are cooked and eaten.
Uses medicinal
Edible leaves seeds
Therapeutic use Chest (unspecified), Scurf(Veterinary) (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) 30 - 180
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 23
Germination luminosity -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Cissus petiolata world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Côte d'Ivoire, Cameroon, Congo, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Kenya, Liberia, Mozambique, Malawi, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Sudan, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:67867-1
WFO ID wfo-0000606672
COL ID 5Z8V9
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cissus flamignii Cissus petiolata Vitis suberosa Cissus bignonioides Cissus hochstetteri Cissus suberosa Vitis hochstetteri Vitis blumeana Cissus petiolata var. pubescens