Clausena anisata (Willd.) Hook.F.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Rutaceae > Clausena

Characteristics

Shrub or small tree up to 10 m tall; bark grey, mottled; young branches and leaves pubescent becoming glabrous. Leaves 6-20(28) cm long, imparipinnate; petiole 1-2.5 cm long, terete or slightly grooved at the base; leaflets alternate, (4)5-8(9-10) on each side of the rhachis; petiolules slender, 1-3.5 mm long; lamina 1-6(7) x 0.6-2.5(3.5) cm, rather smaller in the proximal than in the distal leaflets, ± asymmetric, ovate or ovate-oblong or elliptic to narrowly elliptic, pubescent or glabrous, densely dotted with pellucid glands, acute or slightly emarginate at the apex, margin crenulate or entire, cuneate or rounded at the base; lateral nerves 5-8 pairs. Inflorescence of elongate puberulous panicles, as long as the subtending leaves or a little shorter; peduncle long; bracts and bracteoles scarious, very small, caducous. Flower-buds ±3 mm long, obovoid; pedicels very slender, 3-4(5) mm long, puberulous. Sepals 4, 0.8 mm long, acute, slightly joined at the base, pubescent. Petals 4, 4-5 mm long, whitish, imbricate in bud, elliptic. Stamens 8, 4 mm long, inserted at the base of the disk; filaments subulate, flattened towards the base; anthers basifixed, 1 mm long, introrse, elliptic, 2-lobed at the base. Ovary 1.3 mm long, subellipsoid, 4(5)-locular with 2 ovules in each loculus; style stout, stigma broadly obtuse.
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A shrub or small tree. It grows 3-5 m high. It can reach 10 m. The trunk is 20 cm across. The trunk is straight and branches early. The crown is dense and round. The bark is greyish-brown and mottled. The leaves are alternate and compound. There are 10-17 pairs of leaflets and one at the end. The leaflets are 1-6 cm long by 0.6-2.5 cm wide. They are dark green and densely covered with gland dots. The flowers are small and white or yellow. They are 10 mm across. They occur in branched sprays. These can be 16 cm long. The fruit is round and fleshy. They are 7 mm across. They become red to black when mature.
Leaves 6–20 (28) cm. long, imparipinnate; petiole 1–2·5 cm. long, terete or slightly grooved at the base; leaflets alternate, (4) 5–8 (9–10) on each side of the rhachis; petiolules slender, 1–3·5 mm. long; lamina 1–6 (7) × 0·6–2·5 (3·5) cm., rather smaller in the proximal than in the distal leaflets, ± asymmetric, ovate or ovate-oblong or elliptic to narrowly elliptic, pubescent or glabrous, densely dotted with pellucid glands, acute or slightly emarginate at the apex, margin crenulate or entire, cuneate or rounded at the base; lateral nerves 5–8 pairs.
Tree or shrub, up to 5(-10) m high. Leaves alternate, imparipinnate, densely gland-dotted; leaflets ovate, toothed. Flowers in axillary, cymose panicles, yellow or white. Sepals 4 or 5, small, united at base. Petals 4 or 5, imbricate, membranous. Stamens 8 or 10, inserted at base of disc; anthers elliptic, dorsifixed, introrse, without apical Ovary (2-)4-or 5-locular, with 2 ovules in each locule; style short, caducous; stigma broad, obtuse, or 2-5-lobed. Flowering time Aug.-Nov. Fruit baccate, 1-or 2-seeded.
Shrub or small tree, up to 10 m high. Leaves impari-pinnate, leaflets alternate, ovate or elliptic, base asymmetric, apex emarginate, margin crenulate, densely gland-dotted. Flowers dull white.
Stamens 8, 4 mm. long, inserted at the base of the disk; filaments subulate, flattened towards the base; anthers basifixed, 1 mm. long, introrse, elliptic, 2-lobed at the base.
Inflorescence of elongate puberulous panicles, as long as the subtending leaves or a little shorter; peduncle long; bracts and bracteoles scarious, very small, caducous.
Shrub or small tree to 5(-10) m. Leaves imparipinnate, leaflets ovate, toothed, strongly scented. Flowers in axillary, cymose panicles, yellow or white.
Ovary 1·3 mm. long, subellipsoid, 4 (5)-locular with 2 ovules in each loculus; style stout, stigma broadly obtuse.
Shrub or small tree up to 10 m. tall; bark grey, mottled; young branches and leaves pubescent becoming glabrous.
Flower-buds ± 3 mm. long, obovoid; pedicels very slender, 3–4 (5) mm. long, puberulous.
Sepals 4, 0·8 mm. long, acute, slightly joined at the base, pubescent.
Petals 4, 4–5 mm. long, whitish, imbricate in bud, elliptic.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 0.2
Mature height (meter) 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

A tropical plant. It grows in evergreen forest. It is in low altitude woodland and palm groves near streams. It suits high rainfall areas. In South Africa it grows from sea level to 2200 m altitude. It is a light demanding and drought tolerant tree. It grows in open land and around villages. In Sikkim it grows between 900-1,700 m above sea level.
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Evergreen and fringing forest from sea-level to 2,150 metres.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 8-12

Usage

The fruit are eaten fresh. The leaves are used as a spice.
Uses bee plant food food additive fuel gene source invertebrate food material medicinal non-vertebrate poison poison social use spice
Edible fruits leaves roots seeds stems
Therapeutic use Parasympatholytics (aerial part), Anti-bacterial agents (bark), Antifungal agents (bark), Anti-infective agents (bark), Antirheumatic agents (bark), Anthelmintics (leaf), Antirheumatic agents (leaf), Dysentery (leaf), Eye diseases (leaf), Fever (leaf), Gastrointestinal diseases (leaf), Mosquito control (leaf), Stomatitis, aphthous (leaf), Toothache (leaf), Eye injuries (leaf), Anticonvulsants (root), Antirheumatic agents (root), Hypnotics and sedatives (root), Molluscacides (root), Pregnancy complications (root), Stomatitis, aphthous (root), Toothache (root), General tonic for rejuvenation (root), Headache (unspecified), Bite(Snake) (unspecified), Bronchitis (unspecified), Cardiotonic (unspecified), Chewstick (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Furunculosis (unspecified), Hookworms (unspecified), Impotency (unspecified), Insecticide (unspecified), Laxative (unspecified), Liniment (unspecified), Measles (unspecified), Mental (unspecified), Migraine (unspecified), Mouthwash (unspecified), Newborn (unspecified), Parasiticide (unspecified), Parturition (unspecified), Pregnancy (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified), Respiratory (unspecified), Rheumatism (unspecified), Sinusitis (unspecified), Sterility (unspecified), Toothache (unspecified), Eye (unspecified), Anodyne (unspecified), Chest (unspecified), Fumigant (unspecified), Repellant(Insect) (unspecified), Piles (unspecified), Preventitive (unspecified), Swelling (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Anti-infective agents (wood)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Clausena anisata unspecified picture

Distribution

Clausena anisata world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, Brazil, China, India, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand, Viet Nam, and South Africa

Conservation status

Clausena anisata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772111-1
WFO ID wfo-0000608620
COL ID VTKW
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Myaris inaequalis Clausena abyssinica Elaphrium inaequale Fagarastrum anisatum Fagarastrum inaequale Amyris dentata Amyris anisata Amyris inaequalis Clausena anisata Clausena bergeyckiana Clausena dentata Clausena dunniana Clausena inaequalis Clausena longipes Clausena nana Clausena odorata Clausena pobeguinii Clausena pubescens Clausena suffruticosa Clausena vestita Clausena wightii Clausena willdenowii Icica dentata Zanthoxylum engleri Amyris nana Amyris suffruticosa Cookia dulcis Clausena anisata var. mollis Clausena anisata var. multijuga Clausena anisata var. paucijuga Clausena dentata var. dunniana Clausena dentata var. nana Clausena dentata var. pubescens Clausena dentata var. robusta Clausena dunniana var. robusta Clausena suffruticosa var. paucijuga Clausena inaequalis var. abyssinica