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Clausena excavata Burm.F.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Rutaceae > Clausena

Characteristics

Shrubs 1-2 m tall. Branchlets and leaf rachises pubescent, with oil glands. Leaves 21-27-foliolate but on young plants to 41-foliolate; petiolules 2-5 mm; leaflet blades ovate, lanceolate, or rhomboid, asymmetric, 2-9 × 1-3 cm, both surfaces pubescent or only pubescent along veins, base oblique, margin repand. Inflorescences terminal; bracts opposite. Flowers globose in bud. Petals white or pale yellowish white, ovate to obovate, 2-3 × 1-2 mm. Stamens 8; filaments basally dilated, geniculate at middle, apically linear. Style stout. Fruit ellipsoid, 1.2-1.8 × 0.8-1.5 cm, 1-or 2-seeded. Fl. Apr-May and Jul-Aug(-Oct in Hainan), fr. Aug-Oct. 2n = 36.
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A shrub 1-2-4 m high. It can be 10 m tall. All parts of the plant are hairy. The leaves have a smell. The leaflets are placed one after another along opposite sides of the stalk. There are 15-31 leaflets. The leaflets have short stalks and are 2.5-7.5 cm long by 0.8-2.5 cm wide. They are clear along the edges. The leaves have round teeth along the edges. They are hairy underneath. The flowers are yellowish. The fruit are oblong. The fruit are in clusters. The fruit contain 3 large seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 8.0
Mature height (meter) 8.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

The plant establishes dense stands along the sides of roads and in disturbed areas. Evergreen and deciduous forests in Laos. Secondary forest, brushwood and disturbed areas around villages, at elevations from sea-level to 1,500 metres.
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A tropical plant. It grows in secondary undergrowth in Indochina. In Nepal it grows to about 500 m altitude. It forms dense stands along roads.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity 2-6
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-12

Usage

The fruit are occasionally used in cooking. The ripe fruit are edible. The leaves are stewed in curries as a spice. The rootstock is powdered and used to flavour local liquor.
Uses essential oil food gene source material medicinal spice wood
Edible flowers fruits leaves roots seeds
Therapeutic use Menorrhagia (aerial part), Platelet aggregation (bark), Colic (flower), Abdominal pain (leaf), Colic (leaf), Common cold (leaf), Dysentery (leaf), Fever (leaf), Headache (leaf), Malaria (leaf), Sprains and strains (leaf), Abdominal pain (root), Anti-bacterial agents (root), Colic (root), Digestive system diseases (root), Malaria (root), Astringents (stem), Colic (stem), Diarrhea (stem), General tonic for rejuvenation (stem), Colic (unspecified), Cough (unspecified), Diuretic (unspecified), Dyspepsia (unspecified), Headache (unspecified), Sore (unspecified), Wound (unspecified), Yaws (unspecified), Stomach (unspecified), Vermifuge (unspecified), Rhinosis (unspecified), Antitoxins (unspecified), Digestive system diseases (unspecified), Diuretics (unspecified), Snake bites (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants are grown from seed.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Clausena excavata world distribution map, present in Australia, Bangladesh, Brazil, Brunei Darussalam, Bhutan, China, Indonesia, India, Iceland, Kenya, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Madagascar, Myanmar, Mauritius, Nepal, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Singapore, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772128-1
WFO ID wfo-0000608651
COL ID VTLD
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Murraya burmanni Clausena javanensis Clausena javensis Cookia anisodora Cookia punctata Amyris graveolens Clausena excavata Clausena forbesii Clausena lunulata Clausena moningerae Clausena punctata Clausena sumatrana Clausena tetramera Cookia graveolens Amyris punctata Lawsonia falcata Amyris punctata Amyris sumatrana Gallesioa graveolens Clausena excavata var. villosa Clausena excavata var. lunulata
WorldFloraDB 2024