Claytonia perfoliata Donn ex Willd.

Winter purslane (en), Claytonie perfoliée (fr), Claytonia perfoliée (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Caryophyllales > Montiaceae > Claytonia

Characteristics

Fleshy taprooted annual. Stems erect or ascending, 10-30 cm tall. Rosette lvs entire; lamina rhomboid to spathulate to broadly ovate, subacute or acute, (5)-10-30 × (5)-10-35 mm; petiole (1.5)-5-15 cm long. Stem lvs 2, united to form a 1-3 cm wide suborbicular involucre to the infl. Infl. a (1)-5-15-flowered bracteate raceme with 1-5 basal fls, all fls clustered at first. Bracts obovate, subacute, 3-6 × 1-4 mm. Pedicels (3)-5-15 mm long. Sepals persistent, broadly ovate, 1.5-2.5 mm long. Petals 5, white, entire or notched, 2-3-(6) mm long. Stamens 5, opposite the petals. Capsule subglobose, < sepals. Seeds 1-(3) per capsule, elliptic, smooth, shiny, black with white aril, 1.2-1.5 mm long.
More
Plants annual, with minute, tuberous bodies; periderm absent. Stems 5-50 cm. Leaves: basal leaves in suberect to erect, seldom flattened rosettes, petiolate, 1-30 cm, blade often with weak red pigmentation, broadly rhombic to deltate or reniform, 1-7 × 0.5-5(-6) cm, apex obtuse to apiculate, mucro 1-3 mm; cauline leaves sessile, blade perfoliate or cleft or notched, 10 cm diam. or less. Inflorescences 1-bracteate; bract leaflike, 0.5-15 mm. Flowers 3-10 mm; sepals 1.5-4 mm; petals pink or white, 2-5 mm; ovules 3. Seeds 2-5 mm, shiny and smooth; elaiosome 1-3 mm. 2n = 12, 24, 36, 48, 60.
A small herb. It grows each year from seed. It can grow 50 cm tall. It has a single stem and can be erect. The leaves are simple and in rings. They are broadly sword shaped. They can be up to 4 cm long. They have a long leaf stalk. The flowers are white or pink and have 5 parts. The flowers are in groups of 5-40.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 0.1 - 0.5
Mature height (meter) 0.13 - 0.3
Root system fibrous-root tap-root
Rooting depth (meter) 0.2
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It is a temperate plant. It suits cool, damp conditions. It is best in a sunny position and dry soil. It suits a pH between 6 and 7. It needs a frost free period of 6 weeks. In Argentina it grows between 500-1,000 m above sea level. It can tolerate cold weather. It suits hardiness zones 6-9.
More
Disturbed and waste ground, moist banks and slopes, often in partial shade, especially on light soils. Also found on rather dry sandy soils.
Light 4-8
Soil humidity 2-5
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

Young leaves, stems and flowers are edible raw. Older leaves are cooked. Roots are also edible cooked. Caution: It can at times have high levels of oxalates.
Uses food medicinal
Edible bulbs flowers leaves roots stems
Therapeutic use Analgesic (unspecified), Antirheumatic (External) (unspecified), Eye Medicine (unspecified), Dietary Aid (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

It is grown from seed.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 11 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 20 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -15
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Claytonia perfoliata habit picture by cscoq (cc-by-sa)
Claytonia perfoliata habit picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Claytonia perfoliata habit picture by Peter Bruines (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Claytonia perfoliata leaf picture by Ron Star (cc-by-sa)
Claytonia perfoliata leaf picture by Jeroen Ceuppens (cc-by-sa)
Claytonia perfoliata leaf picture by Gilles Mutin (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Claytonia perfoliata flower picture by Hans van den Heuvel (cc-by-sa)
Claytonia perfoliata flower picture by Dieter Albrecht (cc-by-sa)
Claytonia perfoliata flower picture by mien kluiters (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Claytonia perfoliata fruit picture by Gerrit Busser (cc-by-sa)
Claytonia perfoliata fruit picture by Benjamin01 (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Claytonia perfoliata world distribution map, present in Argentina, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Cuba, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Falkland Islands (Malvinas), France, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Hungary, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Portugal, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:60021-2
WFO ID wfo-0000609088
COL ID VWNC
BDTFX ID 75057
INPN ID 91848
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Limnia perfoliata Montia perfoliata Claytonia cubensis Claytonia perfoliata Claytonia spathulata Montia spathulata Montia perfoliata f. angustifolia Limnia mexicana Limnia spathulata Montia mexicana Limnia carnosa Limnia angustifolia Claytonia perfoliata var. amplectens Claytonia perfoliata var. angustifolia Claytonia perfoliata var. carnosa Claytonia perfoliata var. viae Claytonia perfoliata var. spathulata Claytonia perfoliata subsp. perfoliata Claytonia perfoliata var. perfoliata

Lower taxons

Claytonia perfoliata subsp. intermontana Claytonia perfoliata subsp. mexicana Claytonia perfoliata var. nubigena