Clematis terniflora Dc.

Sweet autumn virginsbower (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Ranunculaceae > Clematis

Characteristics

Vines woody. Branches shallowly 4--10-grooved, puberulous or only nodes puberulous. Leaves pinnate, 5(--7)-foliolate; petiole 2.5--4.5 cm; leaflet blades ovate to narrowly ovate, sometimes ovate-lanceolate, 2.5--8 × 1--4.2 cm, papery to subleathery, both surfaces sparsely puberulous, glabrescent, base rounded, subcordate, or broadly cuneate, margin entire, apex acute to obtuse; basal veins abaxially ± prominent to nearly flat. Cymes axillary or terminal, usually many flowered; peduncle 1--7 cm; bracts linear, elliptic, or oblong, 0.8--3.5(--5) cm. Flowers 1.4--3 cm in diam. Pedicel 0.5--3 cm, puberulous or glabrous. Sepals 4, white, spreading, obovate-oblong to oblong, 5--15 × 2--6 mm, abaxially puberulous or glabrous, adaxially glabrous, margin abaxially velutinous, apex ± acute to obtuse. Stamens 3--7(--8) mm, glabrous; anthers narrowly oblong to oblong, 2--3 mm, apex obtuse or minutely apiculate. Ovaries pubescent. Style 4--7 mm, densely villous. Achenes orange-yellow, broadly elliptic to obovate, 4--9 × 2.5--6 mm, appressed pubescent; persistent style 1.2--4 cm, plumose. Fl. Jun--Aug, fr. Aug--Nov.
More
Stems climbing with tendril-like petioles and leaf rachises, 3-6 m. Leaf blade pinnately 3-or 5-foliolate; leaflets ovate or broadly lanceolate to narrowly deltate, to 6.5 × 3.5 cm, margins entire; surfaces abaxially glabrous or very sparingly appressed-strigose on major veins. Inflorescences axillary, 3-12-flowered cymes or compound cymes or paniculate with cymose subunits. Flowers bisexual, often some unisexual (staminate) in same inflorescence; pedicel 1-3.5 cm, slender; sepals wide-spreading, not recurved, white, linear or elliptic to lanceolate or narrowly obovate, 0.9-2.2 cm, length ca. 2-3 times width, abaxially tomentose along margins, adaxially glabrous; stamens ca. 50; filaments glabrous; staminodes absent; pistils 5-10. Achenes broad, flat, conspicuously rimmed, minutely appressed-silky, sometimes sparsely so; beak 2-6 cm.
Stem climbing, 2–3 m; herbage glabrous; lfls mostly 5, ± coriaceous, triangular-ovate to broadly ovate, obtuse to acuminate, entire or rarely with an entire lobe, rounded to cordate at the base, the terminal one long-stalked; fls numerous, white, 2–3 cm wide; sep densely pubescent along the margins and on the back; achenes glabrous or minutely appressed-hairy, 8 mm; mature style plumose, 2–3 cm; 2n=16, 48, 64. Native of Japan, commonly cult. and often escaped. July–Sept. (C. dioscoreifolia; C. maximowicziana; C. paniculata Thunb., not J. F. Gmel.)
A scrambling woody vine. It keeps growing from year to year. The leaves have leaflets along the stalk. There are 3-5 leaflets. They are 10 cm long and deep green.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 4.0 - 8.0
Mature height (meter) 8.0 - 10.5
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Shrubberies and open woodlands, woodland margins, scrub on slopes, grassy areas on hills, among rocks in coastal areas, roadsides, hedgerows and old walls; at elevations from near sea level to 800 metres.
More
It is a temperate plant. In China it grows from near sea level to 800 m above sea level. It suits hardiness zones 6-10.
Light 6-8
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-9

Usage

CAUTION: Most Clematis contain an irritant poison.
Uses medicinal ornamental poison
Edible flowers leaves shoots
Therapeutic use Diuretic (unspecified), Gout (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 14 - 28
Germination temperacture (C°) 20
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Clematis terniflora habit picture by Josh M (cc-by-sa)
Clematis terniflora habit picture by Matthias Foellmer (cc-by-sa)
Clematis terniflora habit picture by tomhuck88 (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Clematis terniflora leaf picture by krystal wahl (cc-by-sa)
Clematis terniflora leaf picture by Barbara Burnett (cc-by-sa)
Clematis terniflora leaf picture by Taylor (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Clematis terniflora flower picture by K O (cc-by-sa)
Clematis terniflora flower picture by Pier Jackson (cc-by-sa)
Clematis terniflora flower picture by K O (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Clematis terniflora world distribution map, present in Canada, China, Japan, Nepal, New Zealand, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:710123-1
WFO ID wfo-0000610758
COL ID VYFW
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Clematis dioscoreifolia Clematis maximowicziana Clematis paniculata Clematis terniflora f. denticulata Clematis paniculata var. denticulata Clematis terniflora var. denticulata Clematis terniflora var. lancifolia Clematis dioscoreifolia var. robusta Clematis flammula var. robusta Clematis maximowicziana var. robusta Clematis paniculata var. dioscoreifolia Clematis terniflora var. robusta Clematis terniflora var. koreana Clematis recta var. koreana Clematis recta f. lancifolia Clematis terniflora var. terniflora Clematis terniflora

Lower taxons

Clematis terniflora var. garanbiensis Clematis terniflora var. manshurica