Clematis virginiana L.

Devil's darning needles (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Ranunculales > Ranunculaceae > Clematis

Characteristics

Stems climbing, 2-7 m. Leaf blade 3-foliolate; leaflets ovate to lanceolate, 3.5-9 × 1.5-7.5 cm, margins coarsely toothed to entire; surfaces abaxially sparsely to densely pilose, adaxially glabrate. Inflorescences axillary, 3-many-flowered simple or compound cymes. Flowers unisexual; pedicel slender, 1-2 cm; sepals wide-spreading, not recurved, white to cream, elliptic or nearly oblong to oblanceolate, 6-14 mm, abaxially densely white-hairy, adaxially sparsely white-hairy; stamens ca. 30-50+; filaments glabrous; staminodes absent or fewer than stamens; pistils 40-70; beak nearly equaling sepals. Achenes ovate , 2.5-3.5 × l.5 mm, conspicously rimmed, sparsely short-hairy; beak 2.5-5 cm. 2 n = 16.
More
Stems climbing, 2–3(–5) m, the lower part persistent and becoming woody; lvs mostly trifoliolate (uppermost sometimes simple), the lfls 2–10 cm, ovate to subcordate, acuminate, usually coarsely mucronate-toothed, glabrous or sparsely (seldom more copiously) hairy beneath; mostly polygamo-dioecious; panicles many, on axillary peduncles mostly 2–6 cm; sep white, oval to oblong-spatulate, 10–15 mm, hairy at least on the back; achenes many in a subglobose head, 4 mm, pubescent, light to dark brown or greenish-brown; mature style flexuous, strongly plumose, 2–4 cm; 2n=16. Moist soil; N.S. and e. Que. to Man., s. to Ga. and La. July–Sept.
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality polygamodioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.5 - 2.5
Mature height (meter) 4.0 - 5.8
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.4
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 4-8
Soil humidity 3-6
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity 3-7
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 5-8

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Gastrointestinal Aid (root), Kidney Aid (root), Dermatological Aid (root), Venereal Aid (root), Analgesic (unspecified), Ceremonial Medicine (unspecified), Orthopedic Aid (unspecified), Hallucinogen (unspecified), Kidney Aid (unspecified), Urinary Aid (unspecified), Cancer (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 30 - 270
Germination temperacture (C°) 21 - 22
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -29
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Clematis virginiana habit picture by Eli Small (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Clematis virginiana leaf picture by Daniel Brashear (cc-by-sa)
Clematis virginiana leaf picture by Eli Small (cc-by-sa)
Clematis virginiana leaf picture by Becca McCoy (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Clematis virginiana flower picture by Charles Small (cc-by-sa)
Clematis virginiana flower picture by Mary Ann Toia (cc-by-sa)
Clematis virginiana flower picture by William Wattles (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Clematis virginiana fruit picture by Zsofi (cc-by-sa)
Clematis virginiana fruit picture by William Coville (cc-by-sa)
Clematis virginiana fruit picture by David David (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Clematis virginiana world distribution map, present in Canada, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:710188-1
WFO ID wfo-0000610908
COL ID VYHY
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Clematis bracteata Clematis holosericea Clematis missouriensis Clematis canadensis Clematis cordifolia Clematis fragrans Clematis pensylvanica Clematis purshii Clematitis bracteata Clematitis cordifolia Clematis virginiana f. virginiana Clematis dioica subsp. virginiana Clematis virginiana var. bracteata Clematis virginiana var. missouriensis Clematis virginiana f. missouriensis Clematis virginiana var. virginiana Clematis virginiana