Clutia abyssinica Jaub. & Spach

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Peraceae > Clutia

Characteristics

A large erect woody herb, shrub or small tree up to 8 m. tall with straight glabrous, pubescent or tomentose branches.. Petiole canaliculate, 0.5–2.3 cm. long, pubescent beneath or glabrescent; blade ovate, elliptic or lanceolate, 2–17(–20) cm. long, 1–5.5(–6) cm. broad, subacute or obtuse, tapered, cuneate or rounded at the base, membranous, lateral nerves 5–12 pairs, cystoliths barely visible, glabrous, sparingly or evenly pubescent or densely tomentose above and beneath.. Stipules 0.. Male fascicles dense, few–many-flowered; bracts broadly deltate, 0.5 mm. long.. Male flowers: pedicels 2–8(–10) mm. long, pubescent or glabrescent, distinctly articulated about half way, often pubescent above the articulation and glabrescent below it; sepals elliptic-obovate, 2–2.5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. broad, glabrous or puberulous without at the base, pale green, each with 3 filiform-cylindric hooked glands at the base; petals deltate, unguiculate, limb 1.5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. broad, claw 0.5–1 mm. long, glabrous, pale greenish yellow or white, each with 1 globose gland at the base; staminal column 1.5 mm. long; filaments 1 mm. long; anthers 0.75 mm. long; pistillode 1 mm. long, thicker than the staminal column.. Female fascicles 1–many-flowered; bracts as in ♂.. Female flowers: pedicels 5 mm. long, extending to 3 cm. in fruit, glabrous or pubescent; sepals ovate-oblong to oblong-lanceolate, 2–2.5 mm. long, 1–1.5 mm. broad, often puberulous without at the base, pale brownish green, each with a 2–3-lobed yellowish green gland at the base, extending to 3 mm. in fruit; petals broadly spathulate, 2 mm. long, 1 mm. broad, glabrous, pale dull yellow, eglandular at the base; ovary 1 mm. diameter, usually glabrous; styles 0.75 mm. long, ± free, dull yellow.. Fruits 4.5–5.5 mm. diameter, shallowly pustulate, glabrous or rarely very sparingly pilose; endocarp 0.6 mm. thick.. Seeds 3 mm. long, 2.5 mm. broad.
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Perennial tree or shrub, 0.7-5.0 m high; glabrous to evenly pubescent, dioecious. Leaves membranous, ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, glabrous to sparingly or evenly pubescent on both surfaces, base cuneate or rounded, apex narrowed to subacute or obtuse, attenuate. Male fascicles dense, many-flowered; bracts 0.5-1.0 mm long, broadly deltate, chaffy, straw-coloured. Male flowers: pedicels jointed; sepals elliptic-obovate, rounded; petals deltate, unguiculate, pistillode cylindric, slightly broadened apically. Female fascicles 1-many-flowered; bracts as in male. Female flowers: pedicels 5 mm long; sepals oblong-lanceolate, obtuse; petals spathulate, eglandular, glabrous; styles divaricate. Flowering time May-July. Fruit pusticulate, glabrous or subglabrous. Seeds ovoid, minutely pitted.
Male flowers: pedicels c. 5 mm long, jointed; sepals 2.5 × 1.25 mm, elliptic-obovate, rounded, each with 3–4 uncinate clavate glands at the base, pale green; petals 2 × 1.5 mm, deltate, unguiculate, each with a single globose gland at the base, white, green at the base; staminal column 1.25 mm high, free filaments 0.5 mm long, anthers 0.5 mm long, yellow; pistillode 1 mm high, cylindric, slightly broadened apically, yellowish-orange.
Leaf blades 2–16 × 1–7 cm, ovate to elliptic-lanceolate, narrowed to the subacute or obtuse apex, attenuate, cuneate or rounded at the base, membranous, glabrous to sparingly or evenly pubescent on both surfaces, pale green on upper surface, somewhat glaucous beneath, often turning orange before falling; lateral nerves in 5–12(15) pairs, strongly brochidodromous.
Female flowers: pedicels 5 mm long, extending to 25 mm in fruit; sepals 2 × 1 mm, oblong-lanceolate, obtuse, each with a 2–3-lobed pale yellow-green gland at the base, pale green; petals 2 × 1 mm, spathulate, eglandular, white; ovary 1 mm in diameter, usually glabrous; styles 1 mm long, divaricate, pale yellow-green.
A shrub. It keeps growing from year to year. It is erect and has a few branches. The leaves are oval and dull green. The flowers are small and occur usually in pairs in the axils of leaves. The fruit are pale green with yellow-green dots. The seed are black and shiny with small pits.
Fruit 5 × 4.5 mm, pusticulate, glabrous or subglabrous, pale green, the pustules whitish; endocarp 0.5 mm thick.
Male fascicles dense, usually many-flowered; bracts 0.5–1 mm long, broadly deltate, chaffy, stramineous.
An erect lax shrub, glabrous to evenly pubescent, dioecious; stems up to 6 m tall, brittle flagelliform.
Seeds 3 × 2 × 1.75 mm, ovoid, minutely pitted; caruncle 1 × 1.25 mm, flattened, bifid, stramineous.
Female fascicles 1–many-flowered; bracts as in male.
Petioles 1–3.5 cm long.
Stipules absent.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality dioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 3.0 - 5.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
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Fruit color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Forest edges, associated bushland and wooded grassland; secondary associations; lakeside, riverine, evergreen thickets; bamboo and near arborescent Ericaceae formations; gallery forest; at elevations from 700-3,700 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows in grassland.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses food medicinal
Edible roots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
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Distribution

Clutia abyssinica world distribution map, present in Angola, Burkina Faso, Djibouti, Ethiopia, Kenya, Mozambique, Rwanda, Sudan, Somalia, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Clutia abyssinica threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:341499-1
WFO ID wfo-0000895118
COL ID 5ZCXN
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Clutia abyssinica Clutia glabrescens Clutia abyssinica var. calvescens Clutia abyssinica var. deserticola Clutia abyssinica var. firma Clutia abyssinica var. glabra Clutia lanceolata var. glabra

Lower taxons

Clutia abyssinica var. abyssinica Clutia abyssinica var. pedicellaris Clutia abyssinica var. usambarica