Coleonema aspalathoides A.Juss.

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Rutaceae > Coleonema

Characteristics

Shrubs forming dense stands, 0.5-1.3 m tall, dense, bushy, branching from near the base. Branches numerous, fairly erect, not very straight, glabrous, smooth, reddish-brown. Branchlets very numerous, very slender, erect, minutely puberulous, not hidden by the leaves. Inflorescence solitary, terminal on very short branchlets that may be so reduced and numerous that the flowers appear to be axillary and/or crowded into spikes; flowers 8-10 mm diam., petals pink, throat open, subtended by several reduced leaves. Leaves up to 12 mm long, perhaps slightly longer in young plants, 1.0-1.2 mm broad, linear-oblong, acute glabrous, dark green, alternate, spreading-erect; apex often re flexed with a sharp point about 1 mm long; narrowed at the base to a reddish petiole about 1 mm long; margins narrowly translucent, minutely serrulate; abaxial surface rounded, irregularly gland-dotted in two rows towards the midrib. Bract 1.6-1.8 mm long, 0.8-1.0 mm broad, ovate, acute, recurved-apiculate, partly puberulous-margins ciliolate, broadly translucent; gland-dotted towards the midrib. Brae teoles two, 1.7 mm long, 1 mm broad, ovate, acute, apex elevated, margin ciliate, broadly translucent, pubescent above to either side of the midrib. Caly lobes five, 2.5 mm long, 1.3 mm broad, sub-ovate, apex tapering with a long sharp reddened recurved point; margins broadly translucent, villous-ciliate; abaxial surface puberulous to either side of the midrib; adaxial surface minutely pubescent at the middle. Petals five, 5.5 mm long, 2.2 mm broad, obovate, apiculate, narrowing evenly to the base; limb pink, spreading; claw sparsely ciliolate, sparsely pubescent below and at the apex of the staminode. Staminodes five, 2 mm long, 0.4 mm broad, linear, white, obtuse with a minute yellowish apical gland 0.1 mm long, connate with the claw of the petal below but not enfolded. Filaments five, becoming 2.3 mm long after anthesis, glabrous, subulate. Anthers five, 1 mm long, 0.7 mm broad, orange-yellow with a minute pointed apical gland. Pollen 42 µ long, 25-30 µ broad, spherical to sub-cylindric. Disc obvallate, thin, dark green, exceeding the ovary. Stigma 0.65 mm diam., depressed globose, capitate. Style becoming 1 mm long, erect, glabrous, rather slender. Ovary 5-carpellate, 0.8 mm long, 0.7 mm diam., glabrous, apices globose. Fruit 5-carpellate, 4.5 mm long, 3.5 mm diam., carpels glabrous with a prominent midrib and lateral ribs; horns 1 mm long, erect, apex somewhat hoof-shaped. Seed 2.5 mm long, 1.2 mm broad, black, shining; aril brownish. The wide-open flower with its dark green disc and sticky pollen leads one to assume that it is most probably pollinated by insects. The plants are destroyed by fires and regeneration can only take place from seed which is ejected by the usual catapult mechanism when ripe.
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Shrub or dwarf shrub, up to 1.3 m high, arising from a single stem at base. Leaves up to 12 x 1.0-1.2 mm, linear-oblong, glabrous, alternate, apex often reflexed with a sharp point ± 1 mm long, gland-dotted, ± in 2 rows. Flowers solitary, terminal on very short branchlets that may be so reduced and many, that flowers appear to be axillary and/or crowded into spikes; 8-10 mm in diam., subtended by several reduced leaves. Petals 5, spreading, pink; throat open, claw connate with staminode. Stamens 5; anthers each with a minute, apical gland. Disc cupular, narrow, partly free, fairly level on top. Ovary 5-carpellate, glabrous; apices globose with an immersed gland; stigma capitate, depressed globose; style and filaments short, glabrous. Flowering time Apr.-Nov. Fruit 5-carpellate, glabrous, with 1 mm long horns.
Dense shrub to 1.5 m. Leaves linear-oblong, scarcely scented. Flowers solitary, crowded, pink, petals not obviously clawed, 8-10 mm diam.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.9 - 1.3
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Coleonema aspalathoides world distribution map, present in South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:772188-1
WFO ID wfo-0000614675
COL ID WXZG
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Coleonema aspalathoides Coleonema dregeanum