Coleonema pulchellum I.Williams

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Rutaceae > Coleonema

Characteristics

Shrubs 800 mm tall, dense, erect, single-stemmed at base. Branches numerous, erect, slender; bark brownish; cuticle splitting. Branchlets very numerous, erect, slender, leafy, densely and minutely puberulous. Leaves 8-10 mm long including petiole 1 mm long, 0.8 mm broad, linear-lanceolate, acute, pungent, alternate, erect; hyaline margins narrow, denticulate-serrulate with teeth point-mg upwards; adaxial surface glabrous except at the petiole, flat when fresh; round-backed, glabrous with one row of gland dots to either side of the midrib. Inflorescence solitary, terminal on short branchlets or axillary on very much reduced branchlets often crowded towards the tops of the branches; flowers 7-8 mm diam., pink to almost white in colour. Bract the uppermost four leaves by degrees alter into bracts, the last below the two bracteoles being 2 mm long, 1.2 mm broad, deltoid, glabrous; midrib green, gland-dotted, produced into a pungent apex with 2 hairs at the tip; margins ciliate, broadly translucent. Bracteoles two, 2 mm long, 1.3 mm broad, deltoid, pubescent inside above otherwise glabrous; midrib green, gland-dotted, produced into a pungent apex with or without a single hair at the tip; margins ciliate, broadly translucent. Calyx lobes five, 2 mm long, 1.3-1.4 mm broad, broadly oblong, pubescent adaxially otherwise glabrous; midrib green, gland-dotted, apiculate; margins crisped ciliate, broadly translucent. Petals five, 5-5.7 mm long, glabrous; limb 2.3-2.8 mm broad, orbicular, apiculate, pink, spreading; claw 2.2 mm long, 1 mm broad above, 0.5 mm at base; midrib connate with the staminode but grooved and free above. Staminodes five, 2.2 mm long, 0.5 mm broad, narrowing to a small glandular apex, connate with the petal except right at the tip, equalling the claws and the spent anthers. Filaments five, 2 mm long, glabrous, erect, acicular. Anthers five, before anthesis 1.1 mm long, 0.7 mm broad, yellow, with a minute sessile, globose apical gland. Pollen 45 µ long, 22 µ broad, oblong. Disc slightly wavy, erect, equalling the ovary, dark green, fleshy with petals staminodes and anthers arising at the base. Stigma 0.5 mm diam. globose, capitate. Style becoming 1.1 mm long, erect, glabrous, persisting. Ovary 5-carpellate, 0.9 mm long, 0.8 mm diam., glabrous; carpels with globose apices. Fruit 5-carpellate, 5.1 mm long, 4.5 mm diam., glabrous; carpels dimpled and laterally ridged with many gland dots; horns 1.2 mm long, erect, emarginate; apical gland immersed facing outwards. Seed 2.8-2.9 mm long, 1.5 mm broad, black, shining.
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Shrub or shrublet, virgate, erect, arising from a single stem at base, 0.5-1.0 m high. Leaves up to 12 x 1.0-1.2 mm, linear-oblong, glabrous, alternate, spreading-erect, apex often reflexed with a sharp point ± 1 mm long, glabrous, gland-dotted, ± in 2 rows, margins narrowly translucent, smooth, ciliolate. Flowers solitary, terminal on very short branchlets that may be so reduced and many, that flowers appear to be axillary and/ or crowded into spikes; 7 mm in diam., subtended by several reduced leaves. Petals 5, spreading, pink; throat open, claw connate with staminode. Stamens 5; anthers each with a minute, apical gland. Disc cupular, narrow, partly free, fairly level on top. Ovary 5-carpellate, glabrous; apices globose with an immersed gland; stigma capitate, depressed globose; style and filaments short, glabrous. Flowering time Mar.-Oct. Fruit 5-carpellate, glabrous, with 1 mm long horns.
Shrub to 2 m high; branchlets puberulous. Leaves crowded, ±erect, very narrowly elliptic, (7–) 8–12 mm long, c. 1 mm wide, minutely toothed or ciliate at margin, acute to acuminate with pungent mucro, glabrous. Flowers towards end of branches; bracts and bracteoles c. 9, pungent, ciliate to fringed. Calyx lobes 2 mm long, acute, translucent and ciliate to fringed at margins. Petals c. 5 mm long, tapering evenly to base or with distinctly narrowed claw, white to pink; limb very broadly obovate, 1.5–2.3 mm wide, apiculate, often sparsely hairy on adaxial midline. Stamens: filaments 1.6–3 mm long; anthers 0.5–1 mm long. Staminodes adnate with petal claw except apical 0.3–0.5 mm, where enclosed by 2 ridges on claw. Disc lobed, as high as or slightly overtopping ovary. Style short, elongating after anthesis to 1.3 mm long. Fruit glabrous; carpels c. 5 mm long including horn. Seed c. 3 mm long.
Dense shrub to 1 m. Leaves linear, pungent, sweet-smelling. Flowers solitary, often crowded, pink, 7-8 mm diam.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 1.0 - 1.5
Mature height (meter) 0.9 - 1.25
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light 7-9
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 4-6
Soil acidity 2-4
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

Uses medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Coleonema pulchellum unspecified picture
Coleonema pulchellum unspecified picture

Distribution

Coleonema pulchellum world distribution map, present in Australia and South Africa

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:897433-1
WFO ID wfo-0000614684
COL ID WXZR
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Coleonema pulchellum Coleonema filiforme