Colutea arborescens L.

Bladder senna (en), Baguenaudier (fr), Arbre à vessies (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Colutea

Characteristics

Shrubs, deciduous, 1-4 m tall. Young branches with fine white hairs. Leaves pinnate, 7-13-foliolate, 6-15 cm, with groove on rachis; stipules triangular or lanceolate-triangular to lanceolate-falcate, 2-3 mm; leaflets abaxially gray-green, adax­ially green, oblong to obovate, 1-3 cm × 6-15 mm, thinly leathery, abaxially sparsely shortly hairy, adaxially glabrous, venation clear and free, apex retuse or obtuse, mucronate. Ra­cemes 5-6 cm, 6-8-flowered; bract ovate-lanceolate, ca. 2 mm, blackish brown or intermixed white scattered shortly sericeous, apex obtuse. Pedicel ca. 1 cm. Calyx ca. 5 mm; tube inside upper part densely pallid to brown hairy; teeth triangular, 1/4-1/3 as long as calyx tube, outside sparsely blackish brown and white sericeous, apex argute. Corolla yellow; standard slightly wider than long, 15-17 mm, base rounded, apex retuse, stalk 2-4 mm, calluses crescent-shaped, slightly convex; wings 11-14 mm, widest near base, to 4 mm wide, upper part often attenu­ate, curved auriculate at one lateral base, equal to stalk, ca. 4 mm, apex obtuse; keel suborbicular to triangular-suborbicular, ± concave, ca. 5 mm wide and trian­gular-suborbicular auricu­late at base, to 11 mm wide at apex, auricle intersecting stalk at an acute angle, stalk 8-9 mm. Ovary densely pubescent; style curved, at slight right angle with ovary, inrolled at apex, adaxially longitudinally white barbate. Legume greenish or slightly red at base, narrowly ovate, 6-8 × 2-3 cm, glabrous to subglabrate, both ends acute. Seeds complanate, blackish to green-brown. Fl. May-Jul, fr. Jul-Oct.
More
A shrub. It grows 2.5 m tall. The leaves have leaflets along the stalk. There are 9-13 leaflets. They are broadly oval and bright green. There are 4-5 flowers in a group. They are pea shape and reddish on the petals. The fruit is an inflated pod. It is 2-3 cm long and has many seeds.
Shrub 2–4 m; lfls 7–13, oval to obovate, 1.5–2.5 cm; fls 2–8 in the raceme, yellow marked with red, 2 cm; fr membranous, ovoid or fusiform, 5–8 × 3 cm, indehiscent; 2n=16. Native of the Mediterranean region, rarely escaped from cult. in our range.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread barochory
Mature width (meter) 2.75 - 3.5
Mature height (meter) 2.5 - 3.6
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a temperate plant. It grows in open locations and on limestone soils. It grows in hardiness zones 6-8.
More
Open woods, roadsides, railway banks etc, often on calcareous soils.
Light 5-8
Soil humidity 2-5
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity 5-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 6-8

Usage

The seeds are poisonous.
Uses animal food environmental use food gene source material medicinal oil ornamental poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Emetic (unspecified), Purgative (unspecified)
Human toxicity toxic (seed), toxic (leaf)
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 7 - 21
Germination temperacture (C°) 20 - 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment scarification soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -23
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Colutea arborescens habit picture by Gema (cc-by-sa)
Colutea arborescens habit picture by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)
Colutea arborescens habit picture by Fabrice Rubio (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Colutea arborescens leaf picture by Philippe RIVIERRE (cc-by-sa)
Colutea arborescens leaf picture by Judicaël CASTAGNET (cc-by-sa)
Colutea arborescens leaf picture by Pour Demos (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Colutea arborescens flower picture by Oli Richmol (cc-by-sa)
Colutea arborescens flower picture by Judicaël CASTAGNET (cc-by-sa)
Colutea arborescens flower picture by Philippe Kazek (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Colutea arborescens fruit picture by Re Bo (cc-by-sa)
Colutea arborescens fruit picture by monique schmitt (cc-by-sa)
Colutea arborescens fruit picture by Pour Demos (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Colutea arborescens world distribution map, present in Albania, Armenia, Austria, Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, China, Czech Republic, Germany, Spain, Estonia, France, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Kazakhstan, Lithuania, Latvia, Moldova (Republic of), Mauritius, Romania, Russian Federation, Slovakia, Ukraine, United States of America, and Uzbekistan

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:486805-1
WFO ID wfo-0000213683
COL ID XD5N
BDTFX ID 18614
INPN ID 92196
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Colutea rubra Colutea florida Colutea hirsuta Baguenaudiera arborea Colutea arborescens

Lower taxons

Colutea arborescens subsp. arborescens Colutea arborescens subsp. gallica Colutea arborescens subsp. hispanica Colutea arborescens var. melanocalyx