Combretum butyrosum Tul.

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Combretaceae > Combretum

Characteristics

Scandent shrub or climber, or prostrate shrub or shrublet.. Stem yellowish brown, pubescent; bark peeling to reveal reddish brown flaky surface.. Leaves opposite; lamina papyraceous to coriaceous, oblong-elliptic to slightly obovate-oblong, up to 8 cm. long, 4.5 cm. wide, apex rounded and often apiculate, base subcordate, glabrous (except for scales) except for pubescence on the midrib and a few hairs on the lateral nerves beneath; scales golden, appearing impressed, widely scattered; lateral nerves 5–8 pairs, sparsely pubescent; petiole up to 5 mm. long, pubescent.. Inflorescence of rather dense axillary spikes 1.5–3 cm. long on densely pubescent peduncles up to4 cm. long.. Flowers whitish to golden yellow, fragrant.. Lower receptacle ± 1 mm. long, tomentose; upper receptacle infundibuliform, 3–7 mm. long, 2.5–3 mm. wide, pubescent when young to nearly glabrous when mature, often leaving a pubescent fringe to the calyx, lepidote.. Sepals deltate, often pubescent along the margin.. Petals obovate-spathulate, 1.5–2 mm. long, 0.9 mm. wide, glabrous.. Stamen-filaments 4–5 mm. long, 2-seriately inserted near the mouth of the upper receptacle; anthers 0.4–0.8 mm. long.. Disk inconspicuous.. Fruit (fig. 5/22, p. 16) ellipsoid or obovoid-ellipsoid to subglobose, 4(5)-angled or very narrowly 4(5)-winged, up to 3.7 cm. long, 2 cm. wide, usually tomentellous and lepidote (sometimes glabrous except for the scales), subsessile.. Scales (fig. 2/22, p. 13) as for the section.
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Leaves opposite; lamina up to 8 x 4·5 cm., subcoriaceous when mature, oblong-elliptic to slightly obovate-oblong, glabrous (except for scales) except for pubescence along the midrib and a few hairs on the lateral nerves beneath, fairly densely lepidote beneath, scales appearing impressed and far from contiguous, rounded and often apiculate at the apex, subcordate at the base; lateral nerves 5–8 pairs; petiole up to 5 mm. long, pubescent.
Woody climber up to 3–4 m. or prostrate shrub or shrublet; branchlets tomentose or tomentellous to densely pubescent; bark coming off in long ragged strips leaving a glabrous cinnamon-red exposed surface.
Fruit up to 3·7 x 2 cm., 4(5)-angled or very narrowly 4(5)-winged, ellipsoid or obovoid-ellipsoid to subglobose, usually tomentellous and lepidote (sometimes glabrous except for scales), subsessile.
Inflorescences of rather dense axillary spikes 1·5–3 cm. long on densely pubescent peduncles up to 4 cm. long; rhachis tomentose to densely pubescent; bracts 2·5 mm. long, filiform, caducous.
Lower receptacle 1–1·5 mm. long, tomentose; upper receptacle 4–7 mm. long, infundi-buliform, pubescent to nearly glabrous (except for scales) and lepidote.
Stamen-filaments 4–5 mm. long, 2-seriately inserted near the mouth of the upper receptacle; anthers 0·8 mm. long.
A shrub. It grows 4 m tall. It can be a climbing plant 10 m long.
Petals 1·5–2 x 0·9, obovate-spathulate, glabrous.
Flowers whitish or yellowish.
Sepals c. 1 x l mm., deltate.
Scales as for the section.
Style up to 9 mm. long.
Disk inconspicuous.
Life form -
Growth form shrub
Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Mature height (meter) 5.0
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Environment

Tree or shrub savannah; evergreen forest; dense thicket and riverine forest; on sandy soils and Pleistocene coral deposits; at elevations up to 450 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows up to 450 m above sea level.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The fatty substance from the fruit is mixed with food.
Uses -
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
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Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
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Distribution

Combretum butyrosum world distribution map, present in Kenya, Mozambique, and Tanzania, United Republic of

Conservation status

Combretum butyrosum threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:169978-1
WFO ID wfo-0000616153
COL ID 5ZPH3
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Sheadendron butyrosum Combretum butyrosum