Combretum cacoucia Exell

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Combretaceae > Combretum

Characteristics

Woody liana to 20 m, stem to 10 cm diam., sometimes shrub to 2.5 m or treelet to 4 m; ‘combretaceous hairs’ and stalked glands present. Leaves opposite or more or less so, usually alternate on flowering axis just below spike, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, elliptic-to oblong-ovate, 3.5-22 x 1.6-10 cm, apex shortly acuminate, base rounded to shallowly cordate, usually minutely verruculose along all veins, especially on veinlets below, sparsely to very sparsely pubescent but sometimes moderately so on veins especially below, stalked glands frequent on veins below and sparse above; venation usually eucamptodromous or eucamptodromous-brochidodromous, secondary veins 5-9 pairs; petiole 0.3-0.8 cm long, pubescent to densely so, with sparse to frequent stalked glands. Inflorescence simple, terminal, 18-50(-70) cm long; stems leafy to base of spike, rhachis very stout, densely fulvous-pubescent to-tomentose, with sparse to frequent stalked glands; bracts leafy, conspicuous, up to 4.5 x 1.5 cm at lower nodes. Flowers 5-merous, 18-33 mm long, weakly zygomorphic; lower hypanthium 6-14 mm long, pedicel-like region 3-7 mm long, narrowed to neck, densely pubescent, stalked glands very sparse to frequent, upper hypanthium deeply curved-cupuliform to-infundibuliform, 10-19 x 3.5-15 mm, pubescent to densely so outside, very sparse to frequent stalked glands, pubescent to densely so inside; calyx lobes erect, triangular to narrowly so, 2.5-6 mm long, apex acute; petals 5, erect, obovate to narrowly so or elliptic to broadly so, 6-16.4 x 4-5.8 mm, at anthesis slightly to far exserted, apex acute to subacute, pubescent on both surfaces; stamens 10, well exserted, filaments 19.5-29.5 mm long; disk thick, closely applied to style base, densely pubescent at margin, free portion ca. 1.5-2 mm long; style 26.5-44.5 mm long, exserted about as far as filaments, glabrous or pubescent basally; ovules 3-4. Fruit densely pubescent and with frequent stalked glands, becoming subglabrous with age, 5-8 x 1.7-2.8 cm, elliptic in side view, apex gradually tapered to narrowly rounded to obtuse, base gradually and narrowly tapered to pseudostipe of ca. 1-3 cm long, ridges 5, strong but fairly narrow and abruptly edged Stalked glands 50-110 µm long, stalk uniseriate, 6-14 cells long, obovoid head 25-35 x 20-25 µm
More
Shrub or liana, branchlets rufous-pilose. Leaves chartaceous, opposite, petiolate, petiole 5-8 mm. long, pilose, lamina broadly elliptic to oblong-elliptic, up to 20 X 10 cm., often pilosulose or pubescent on the midrib and principal nerves beneath, otherwise glabrous or nearly so, not conspicuously lepidote, acuminate at the apex and subcordate at the base, lateral nerves 7-8 pairs rather widely spaced. Flowers red, 5-merous, slightly zygomorphic, shortly pedicellate, pedicel 3-5 mm. long tomentellous, in stout terminal racemes up to 40 cm. long, rhachis tomentellous or velutinous, bracts ovate-acuminate or lanceolate, up to 15 mm. long, caducous. Lower receptacle (ovary) tomentellous, about 5 X 2.5 mm.; upper receptacle (calyx-tube) campanulate or broadly infundibuliform, slightly curved, up to 15 X II mm., sericeous outside. Calyx-lobes triangular, up to 5 mm. long. Petals 5, ovate or elliptic, mucronate, 10 X 7 mm., minutely pubescent on the outside or nearly glabrous. Stamens 10, exserted, filaments about 20 mm. long, anthers 1.2-1.5 mm. long. Disk well-developed with margin produced into an annular ridge which nearly closes the upper receptacle. Style 25 mm. long, glabrous. Fruit narrowly oblong-ellipsoid, longitudinally 5-ridged, up to 6 X 2 cm., velutinous at first, eventually nearly glabrous.
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Growth support climber
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Mature height (meter) 16.0
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Environment

Secondary vegetation and along rivers at lower elevations. Wet thickets, usually in swamps, often in Manicaria swamps, at or near sea level.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Poison (unspecified)
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Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
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Distribution

Combretum cacoucia world distribution map, present in Belize, Brazil, Colombia, Costa Rica, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama, Suriname, Trinidad and Tobago, and Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of)

Conservation status

Combretum cacoucia threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:63781-2
WFO ID wfo-0000616156
COL ID 5ZPGL
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 841943
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Combretum cacoucia Combretum coccineum Cacoucia coccinea Schousboea coccinea Terminalia cacoucia