Combretum latifolium Blume

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Combretaceae > Combretum

Characteristics

Liana. Young branchlets scaly when very young, otherwise usually glabrous often reddish in colour. Leaves opposite, chartaceous to subcoriaceous, usually broadly elliptic or ovate-ellptic, sometimes suborbicular or elliptic, rarely narrowly elliptic (sucker shoots?) rather sparsely conspicuously scaly when young, when mature densely lepidote (under high magnification) but individual scales not conspicuous, otherwise glabrous, domatia often present but not hairy, 8-20 by 4-13 cm, often acuminate at the apex, acumen up to 1 cm long, cuneate or rounded at the base; petiole scaly when young, soon glabrescent, 7-20 mm long. Inflorescence a terminal or axillary panicle up to 20 cm long, of elongated 5-8 cm long spikes or occasionally an unbranched lateral spike, densely and finely velutinous. Bracts very small and soon caducous. Flowers greenish-white (occasionally pink?), 4-merous, subsessile. Lower receptacle (ovary) finely velutinous, 2½-3½ mm long. Upper receptacle finely velutinous narrowly tubular, 5-6 mm long, somewhat expanded at the apex and terminating in 4 narrowly triangular acute calyx-lobes 3 by 2 mm. Petals 4 suborbicular, glabrous, 2 by 2 mm, slightly emarginate at the apex and very shortly unguiculate at the base. Stamens 8 inserted at the margin of the disk; filaments 3½ mm long; anthers 0.8 mm long. Disk narrowly infundibuliform, margin thickened, free for about ½ mm, pilose. Style 8-8½ mm, rather stout. Fruit suborbicular (rarely obovate) in outline, 2-3 cm diam., with 4 thin, flexible wings, viscid-glandular especially on the body less so on the wings, shortly stipitate; stipe c. 2 mm long.
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Lianas large, to 30 m tall. Branchlets together with petioles usually glabrous, scaly. Leaves opposite; petiole 10-25 mm; leaf blade broadly elliptic or ovate-elliptic, 7-20 × 5-10(-13) cm, both surfaces glabrous, sparsely or not scaly, not white verruculose, base obtuse-rounded, apex obtuse or attenuate; lateral veins in 6-8 pairs, axils with small, rounded pits abaxially. Inflorescences axillary, compound, broadly cylindric, densely flowered spikes 6-10 cm, sometimes grouped at branchlet apex and forming a panicle; axes densely minutely tomentose; bracts weakly persistent at anthesis, filiform-linear, very small. Flowers very fragrant. Calyx tube in middle part funnelform or narrowly so, distally salverform, 12-15 mm, abaxially densely minutely tomentose and yellow minutely scaly, adaxially with a ring of dense, coarse hairs not or only slightly exserted; lobes 4, reflexed, deltoid to somewhat narrowly triangular, 2-3 mm, apex acuminate. Petals 4, greenish white to yellowish green or yellow, 1-1.5 mm, clawed; limb oblong-obovate, apex retuse. Stamens 8, exserted, 5-7 mm. Fruit yellowish to brownish, glossy, ± obovoid, 4-winged, 2.5-4.5 × 2.2-4 cm, sparsely minutely tomentose when young, glabrous when mature, not scaly. Fl. Jan-Apr, fr. Jun-Oct.
A vine or creeper. It can grow 30 m long. The small branches usually do not have hairs. The leaves are arranged opposite and have stalks 1-2.5 cm long. The leaves are oval and 7-20 cm long by 5-10 cm wide. The flowers are in spikes 6-10 cm long in the axils of leaves. The flowers have a scent.
Life form -
Growth form tree
Growth support climber
Foliage retention
Sexuality hermaphrodite
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Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 30.0
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JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
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JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Widespread along margins of forest and in secondary forest, from sea-level up to 1000 m (fide Backer), but most records are below 500 m.
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It is a tropical plant. It occurs in the Western Ghats in India.
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Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses food fuel material medicinal poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use Abscess (unspecified)
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Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

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Images

Combretum latifolium unspecified picture

Distribution

Combretum latifolium world distribution map, present in Bangladesh, China, Indonesia, India, Cambodia, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Malaysia, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Thailand, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170206-1
WFO ID wfo-0000616444
COL ID 5ZRFJ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Combretum formosum Combretum latifolium Combretum micropetalum Embryogonia latifolia Combretum cyclophyllum Combretum horsfieldii Combretum leucanthum Combretum macrostachyum Combretum platyphyllum Combretum rotundifolium Combretum wightianum Combretum wightianum Combretum extensum Combretum macrophyllum