Combretum schumannii Engl.

Species

Angiosperms > Myrtales > Combretaceae > Combretum

Characteristics

Shrub or tree up to 18 m. high.. Bark buff-brown, spongy, scaling off in large longitudinal flakes; wood purplish black.. Leaves opposite; lamina papyraceous to chartaceous, elliptic or oblong-elliptic, 6–12(–15) cm. long, 2–4.5(–7.5) cm. wide, apex rather blunt and somewhat acuminate, base cuneate to rounded, verrucose above, otherwise glabrous and shiny, inconspicuously silvery lepidote beneath, sparsely pubescent on midrib and with hairs in axils of lateral nerves, otherwise glabrous; lateral nerves 3–8 pairs, alternate or subopposite; petiole up to 8(–10) mm. long.. Inflorescence subglobose-fasciculate axillary spikes 1–1.5 cm. in diameter.. Flowers yellow, scented.. Lower receptacle glutinous, glabrous; upper receptacle 1.5 mm. long and wide, with 4 pouch-like swellings alternating with the position ofthe petals, not conspicuously lepidote.. Sepals shallowly triangular, little developed.. Petals suborbicular, 1.3 mm. long, 1.5 mm. wide, glabrous.. Stamen-filaments 4 mm. long; anthers 0.5 mm. long.. Disk glabrous, margin scarcely produced.. Style 5.5 mm. long, expanded near apex.. Fruit (fig. 4/7, p. 15) yellowish green, subcircular in outline, up to 3.5 cm. in diameter, glutinous when young; stipe 1–2 cm. long.. Cotyledons 2, borne above ground, sessile, obreniform, shortly and broadly acuminate.. Scales (fig. 1/7, p. 12) 45–75 μ in diameter.
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A shrub or small tree. It can grow 18 m tall. It loses its leaves during the year. The bark is grey and scaly. The small branches are slender. The leaves are opposite. The leaf blade is 2-9 cm long by 1-5 cm wide. They are papery. They are oval and blunt at the tip and wedge shaped at the base. There are 3-5 pairs of side veins. The flowers are pale yellow. The flowers are in spikes in the axils of fallen leaves. The fruit is green and 3.5 cm across.
Leaves opposite; lamina 2–9(10) x 0·7—4·5 cm., papyraceous to chartaceous, narrowly elliptic to ovate or obovate, rather inconspicuously lepidote and verruculose above otherwise nearly glabrous except for tufts of hairs in the axils of the lateral nerves beneath, somewhat shiny above, apex rather blunt to rounded sometimes somewhat acuminate, base cuneate to rounded; lateral nerves 3–5 pairs; petiole 2–8(10) mm. long, slender.
Lower receptacle 1–1·5 mm. long, glutinous, glabrous; upper receptacle 2–2·5 x 2·5–3 mm., broadly infundibuliform, glutinous, rather inconspicuously lepidote otherwise glabrous, crenulated to form 4 pouch-like swellings alternating with the petals and in the position of the sepals which are otherwise scarcely developed.
Inflorescences of short almost sessile glutinous lateral spikes, sometimes branched or fasciculate, often appearing in the axils of fallen leaves with very young leaves of the current season; rhachis sometimes up to 3–4 cm. long in fruit; bracts minute, caducous.
Fruit green, up to 3·5 cm. in diam., subcircular in outline, glutinous when young, rather inconspicuously lepidote otherwise glabrous, apical peg absent or very short, wings up to 1·2 cm. broad and rather thin, stipe up to 1·8 cm. long, slender.
Scales whitish-to reddish-translucent, 45–75µ in diam., rather sparse to frequent, circular; cells delimited by 8(12) radial walls and also by tangential and extra radial walls; marginal cells (8)10–16.
Deciduous shrub or small tree up to 18 m. high (occasionally described as scandent); bark grey, scaly; branchlets slender, usually pale, glabrous or slightly pubescent and soon glabrescent.
Petals 1·6–2 x 1·8 mm., broadly ovate to subcircular, glabrous, shortly unguiculate.
Cotyledons 2, arising above soil level; petioles 4–5 mm. long.
Stamen-filaments 3—4·5 mm. long; anthers 0·6 mm. long.
Style 5 mm. long, slightly expanded at the apex.
Disk glabrous, margin scarcely produced.
Flowers pale-yellow.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 18.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color
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Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Found in a wide range of habitats from rain-forest and Brachystegia woodland to grassland; at elevations up to 1,150 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows on sand in woodland and thickets.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses charcoal environmental use material medicinal wood
Edible nectars
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
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Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Distribution

Combretum schumannii world distribution map, present in Botswana, Kenya, Mozambique, Malawi, Somalia, Tanzania, United Republic of, and Zambia

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:170455-1
WFO ID wfo-0000616761
COL ID 5ZQPH
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Combretum copaliferum Combretum macrostigmateum Combretum schumannii