Commiphora glandulosa Schinz

Species

Angiosperms > Sapindales > Burseraceae > Commiphora

Characteristics

Large shrub or small tree up to 8 m. tall; outer bark peeling in grey papery strips from the dark green under-bark; both long-and short-shoots spine-tipped, grey with well-marked circular lenticels; exudate very scanty, not aromatic.. Leaves a vivid green, becoming olive-yellowish when old, those on short-shoots simple, those on long-shoots sometimes 3-foliolate with lateral leaflets up to half the size of the central; petiole 1–3 mm., or, in leaves on long-shoots, up to 15 mm. long, usually, like the basal part of the lower surface of the lamina, covered with minute glandular hairs, sometimes with some rather longer non-glandular hairs as well; lamina rather leathery with 5–8 principal lateral veins on each side which form angles of ± 70° with the midrib; ultimate vein network very prominent beneath, the midrib grooved in its basal part, spathulate-obovate, rounded apically, with 10–18 small teeth on each side, up to 55 mm. long and 24 mm. wide.. Male flowers dull red, 3–7 together in shortly glandular-pubescent cymes, peduncle, branches and pedicels in all up to 8 mm. long; bracteoles 0.3 mm. long; calyx glandular-pubescent, 1.8 mm. long including 0.7 mm. ovate lobes; petals 4.3 mm. long, recurved at the tip; filaments 3.0 and 1.5 mm., anthers 0.7 and 0.5 mm. long.. Fruit subsessile, subglobose but slightly pointed, ± 10 × 9.5 × (4 + 6) mm.; pericarp 2-valved, unusually thick (1–2 mm.); pseudaril bright red, 4-armed but the arms wide and may perhaps sometimes coalesce; stone black, markedly rugose, ± 6.5 × 7 × (2.5 + 4) mm.; apical pits large, shield of dehiscence faintly marked; sterile locule humped and dorsally ridged, the stone thus appearing ± triquetrous when viewed from above.. Fig. 3/17–20, p. 10.
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Polygamous or dioecious tree with a single trunk, 2-10 m tall, occasionally shrub-like; bark yellowish green or greyish green, flaking in small yellowish papery pieces; young branchlets glabrous, spine-tipped. Leaves usually simple but on long shoots often trifoliolate with smaller lateral leaflets, with long glandular hairs at base but otherwise glabrous, green, subsessile, margin crenate-serrate, occasionally almost entire, apex acute or obtuse, base cuneate, lamina of simple leaves/terminal leaflet obovate or elliptic (20-)35(-65) x (12-)25(-45) mm, lateral leaflets elliptic, (8-)15(-30) x (4-)7(-15) mm. Inflorescence: reduced cymes or flowers borne in clusters. Flowers bisexual, occasionally unisexual, hypogynous. Pedicel 0.5-1.0 mm long, pedicel and calyx with large glandular hairs. Disc 4-lobed, not folded, inside of lobes not grooved, not adnate to perianth. Stamens 8. Fruit subglobose, ±14 x 13 x 12 mm, glabrous; putamen rugose, with a hump on less convex face; pseudo-aril red, with 4 arms of equal length reaching almost to apex of putamen. Also recorded from Zimbabwe, Zambia, Mozambique and Angola.
A shrub or tree. It is erect with a single stem. It can grow 10 m high. The bark is grey to green. The leaves have an unpleasant smell. The are usually simple but can have 3 leaflets. The male and female flowers are often on separate plants. The flowers are small. The fruit are round and 14 mm across.
Polygamous or dioecious tree, up to 10 m high. Branchlets spine-tipped. Leaves simple; lamina obovate or elliptic, usually crenate-serrate. Calyx with large glandular hairs. Flowers red.
Life form perennial
Growth form tree
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality polygamodioecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 8.0 - 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 1.1
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in hot arid areas with a marked dry season. It grows in areas with a rainfall below 100 mm per year. It can grow on a range of soils providing they are well drained. In southern Africa it grows between 30-1,550 m above sea level. It can grow in arid places.
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Found in sandy, well-drained soils in savannah-woodland or in broken mopaniveld. Dry deciduous woodland, occasionally on termite mounds in Brachystegia woodland.
Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture 5-6
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

The gum is bitter but edible. The root has a sweet tasting water eaten in times of drought.
Uses animal food environmental use food gum material medicinal wood
Edible gums roots
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Commiphora glandulosa unspecified picture

Distribution

Commiphora glandulosa world distribution map, present in Angola, Botswana, Mozambique, Malawi, Namibia, eSwatini, Tanzania, United Republic of, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Commiphora glandulosa threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:127666-1
WFO ID wfo-0000617285
COL ID XG5L
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Commiphora glandulosa Commiphora lugardae Commiphora ruahensis Commiphora thermitaria Commiphora lugardiae Commiphora pyracanthoides subsp. glandulosa Commiphora seineri