Corallorhiza trifida Châtel.

Yellow coralroot (en), Racine de corail (fr), Corallorhize trifide (fr), Racine-de-corail (fr), Coralline (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Asparagales > Orchidaceae > Corallorhiza

Characteristics

Plants slender, 10-28 cm tall. Rhizome beige to brown, extensively branching. Inflorescence reddish brown, with 3-5 sheaths; sheaths amplexicaul, reddish brown, tubular, 1-6 cm, membranous; rachis 1-3(-5) cm, laxly to densely 3-7-flowered; floral bracts ca. 1 mm. Flowers ascending, pale yellowish green to white; pedicel and ovary 3.5-5 mm. Dorsal sepal arching forward and forming a loose hood with petals, narrowly oblong-lanceolate to narrowly elliptic, 4-6 × 1-1.5 mm, 1-veined, apex obtuse or acute; lateral sepals similar to dorsal sepal, slightly oblique, 4-6 × 1-1.5 mm, connate at base and forming an inconspicuous mentum with base of column, 1-veined, apex obtuse or acute. Petals broadly lanceolate to oblanceolate, 3-5 × ca. 1.5 mm, 1-veined, apex obtuse or acute; lip broadly oblong, 2.5-3.5 × ca. 1.5 mm, obscurely 3-lobed toward base; lateral lobes erect, small; mid-lobe elliptic to oblong, 1-1.5 × ca. 0.8 mm, apex rounded and sometimes emarginate; disk with 2 thick longitudinal lamellae extending to base of mid-lobe. Column 2.5-3 mm, with small wings; stigma transversely oblong, broad. Capsule ellipsoid, 7-9 × ca. 5 mm. Fl. and fr. Jun-Aug. 2n = 38, 40, 42.
More
Stems ± strongly thickened, base not bulbous. Inflorescences: racemes lax to dense, 8–35 × 1–3 cm. Flowers 3–18, inconspicuous; perianth open; sepals spreading, yellowish to green, lanceolate, 1-veined, 3.5–7 mm; lateral sepals often strongly recurved; petals arching over and clasping column, light yellow-green, often spotted with purple, lanceolate, 1-veined, 3–5.5 mm; lip white, often purple spotted, 2.5–4 × 1.5–3 mm, thin, with 2 small lateral lobes or teeth, middle lobe oblong, often somewhat dilated near apex, with 2 distinct basal lamellae; column curved toward lip, yellowish green, sometimes spotted purple basally, with shallow adaxial channel, 2–3.3 mm; ovary 2.1–6.5 mm; mentum inconspicuous. Capsules ellipsoid, 4.5–15 × 4.3–6 mm. 2n = 42.
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support -
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread anemochory
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.1 - 0.28
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses -
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Corallorhiza trifida habit picture by Patrick Carteret (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Corallorhiza trifida flower picture by Jens Ditlevsen (cc-by-sa)
Corallorhiza trifida flower picture by Martin Bishop (cc-by-sa)
Corallorhiza trifida flower picture by Claus-Dieter Seidel (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Corallorhiza trifida fruit picture by manu kasa (cc-by-sa)
Corallorhiza trifida fruit picture by manu kasa (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Corallorhiza trifida world distribution map, present in Austria, Bulgaria, Belarus, Canada, Switzerland, Chile, China, Colombia, Czech Republic, Germany, Denmark, Spain, Finland, France, Micronesia (Federated States of), Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Italy, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Montenegro, Malaysia, Netherlands, Norway, Nepal, Pakistan, Poland, Korea (Democratic People's Republic of), Romania, Sweden, Turks and Caicos Islands, Ukraine, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:30219502-2
WFO ID wfo-0000924382
COL ID 5ZZCS
BDTFX ID 18882
INPN ID 92421
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Corallorhiza trifida f. ericetorum Ophrys corallorhiza Corallorhiza anandae Corallorhiza corallorhiza Corallorhiza dentata Corallorhiza halleri Corallorhiza innata Corallorhiza intacta Corallorhiza occidentalis Corallorhiza verna Corallorhiza virescens Corallorhiza wyomingensis Cymbidium corallorhiza Epidendrum corallorhizon Epipactis corallorhiza Corallorhiza trifida f. verna Corallorhiza trifida f. integra Corallorhiza trifida f. suaveolens Corallorhiza integra Corallorhiza ericetorum Corallorhiza jacquemontii Corallorhiza nemoralis Corallorhiza neottia Helleborine corallorrhiza Neottia corallorhiza Corallorhiza innata var. virescens Corallorhiza innata subsp. ericetorum Corallorhiza trifida var. ericetorum Corallorhiza trifida var. integra Corallorhiza trifida var. verna Corallorhiza trifida subsp. virescens Corallorhiza trifida var. trifida Corallorhiza trifida var. virescens Corallorhiza corallorhiza subsp. coloradensis Corallorhiza trifida