Tree to 20 m tall but often smaller. Forming a lignotuber. Root system forming rhizomes.Bark rough to the small branches, tessellated, grey over grey-brown, to red-brown underneath.Branchlets lack oil glands in the pith.Juvenile growth (coppice or field seedlings to 50 cm): stems rounded to square in cross-section, smooth; juvenile leaves always petiolate, opposite or becoming alternate, ovate, 18–25 cm long, 11–17 cm wide, base truncate to rounded, apex pointed or rounded, green, smooth.Adult leaves alternate, petioles 1.7–3.5 cm long; blade broadly lanceolate to ovate, 9–23.5 cm long, (1.8)3–8.5 cm wide, base tapering to petiole, margin entire, apex pointed, slightly discolorous or concolorous, glossy, green, smooth, side-veins greater than 45° to midrib, reticulation very dense, intramarginal vein present and close to margin or scarcely visible above but clearer on underside, oil glands usually visible, small, island, one per areole.Inflorescence terminal compound, peduncles 0.6–3.5 cm long; buds 7(9) per umbel, prominently pedicellate (pedicels 0.4–2.2 cm long). Mature buds obovoid to ovoid or pyriform, 1–1.5 cm long, 0.7–0.9 cm wide, smooth, scar absent (both opercula shed together at flowering), operculum rounded to conical, stamens inflexed, all fertile, anthers oblong, dorsifixed, versatile, dehiscing by longitudinal slits, style long and straight, stigma blunt and long-papillose, locules 4(5), the placentae each with ca 7 ± indistinct vertical ovule rows. Flowers creamy white.Fruit pedicellate (pedicels 0.4–2.6 cm long), urceolate to barrel-shaped or truncate-globose, contracted above to form a short neck that is not flared at rim, or lacking a neck and then isodiametric, 1.8–3 cm long, 1.5–2.6 cm wide, thick-walled, ± smooth, disc descending vertically or obliquely, valves 4(5), enclosed.Seeds brown, 11–16 mm long, ellipsoidal with terminal wing, hilum ventral. Cultivated seedlings (measured at ca node 10): cotyledons reniform; stems rounded in cross-section, setose with short bristle-glands for 10 or more nodes; leaves always petiolate, opposite for at least 10 nodes, broadly elliptical to lanceolate, 5.5–12 cm long, 2.5–5.5 cm wide, base tapering to petiole or rounded to truncate, green, setose with bristle-glands on both surfaces.
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Tree to 5 m, rarely to 8 m. Bark tessellated throughout, grey. Juvenile leaves not seen. Adult leaves alternate, lanceolate to broadly lanceolate, acute, acuminate or apiculate, thick; lamina 15–20 cm long, 3–5 cm wide, grey-green, concolorous; lateral veins faint, at 50°–60°; intramarginal vein confluent with margin; petiole terete, 18–25 mm long. Umbels 3–7-flowered; peduncle terete, 17–35 mm long; pedicels 10–20 mm long. Buds ovoid or subglobular, rugose; operculum conical, 4–5 mm long, 8–10 mm wide; hypanthium hemispherical, 6–8 mm long, 8–10 mm wide. Fruits long-pedicellate, ovoid, subglobular or suburceolate, 20–25 mm long, 15–23 mm wide. Seeds with a terminal wing, yellow-brown.
A tree. It grows 18 m tall. The leaves are thick and sword shaped. They are 12-20 cm long and taper to the base.
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