Costus afer Ker Gawl.

Species

Angiosperms > Zingiberales > Costaceae > Costus

Characteristics

Perennial herb with erect leafy stems 2-4 m. tall.. Leaves elliptic to obovate, 15-35 × 3.5-9.5 cm., apex acuminate, narrowed below to the rounded or subcordate base, the margin sparsely ascending-ciliate, the lamina otherwise usually glabrous but sometimes sparsely appressed pubescent beneath; petiole 4-12 mm. long; ligule coriaceous, green in life, 4-8 mm. long, glabrous; sheaths lightly striate when dry, in life green, often with purple blotches.. Inflorescences (?always) terminal on the leafy shoots; floral bracts oblong, convex, truncate to rounded at the apex, ± 3.5 × 3 cm., the upper ones rather smaller, green with purple markings, each subtending 2 fully developed flowers; bracteoles boat-shaped, with a thickened rigid keel, pale green with pink markings and with a thin pink scarious margin, ± 2.5 × 0.8 cm.. Calyx funnel-shaped, 1.7-2 cm. long, with 3 triangular teeth 5 mm. long, with a pink scarious margin; calyx-teeth project 2-3 mm. beyond the bracts after anthesis.. Corolla tube ± 2 cm. long, hairy inside; petals white, semi-transparent, oblong-ovate, 3-4 × 1.2-1.4 cm., hooded at apex; labellum broadly triangular, funnel-shaped, ±2.5 cm. long and wide, white, sometimes tinged pink, with a rich orange-yellow central line which extends to the base of the tube.. Stamen ovate, ± 3 × 1.2 cm., white; anthers 7-8 mm. long.. Mature fruit and seeds not seen.
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A herb. It keeps growing from year to year. It grows 3 m tall. It has rhizomes. The stems are erect and slightly woody at the base. They are twisted in a spiral. The leaves are oblong to sword shaped and 25 cm long by 7 cm wide. The base is rounded and they taper to the tip. The leaves are based in spirals. They are smooth above and pale and hairy underneath. The flowers are in a round head up to 7 cm long. The flowers are tube shaped and 5 cm across. The fruit is a round capsule. There are many black shiny seeds.
Flowers white and yellow with pink tip in succulent terminal inflorescences.
Tall perennial herb with leafy stems up to 10 ft. high
Life form perennial
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention evergreen
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.5 - 3.75
Root system rhizome
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months -
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

It is a tropical plant. It grows in woodland, savannah woodland and palm groves. It needs to be in a sunny position. It grows up to 1,200 m above sea level. Cairns BG.
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The shaded floor of the rainforest or lowland secondary forest. Moist localities in forest and forest edges, at elevations up to 1400 metres.
Light 1-8
Soil humidity 5-7
Soil texture 2-5
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 10-11

Usage

The rhizome is occasionally used as a spice or flavouring.
Uses animal food environmental use food material medicinal social use spice
Edible leaves rhizomes roots stems
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from cuttings and division of the rhizome.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) 1
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Costus afer unspecified picture

Distribution

Costus afer world distribution map, present in Angola, Benin, Burkina Faso, Central African Republic, Congo, Ethiopia, Gabon, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Kenya, Liberia, Mozambique, Nigeria, Sudan, Senegal, Sierra Leone, Togo, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:796260-1
WFO ID wfo-0000362821
COL ID 6B98N
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629430
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Costus anomocalyx Costus deistelii Costus edulis Costus megalobractea Costus subbiflorus Costus trachyphyllus Costus insularis Costus oblitterans Costus pulcherrimus Costus sarmentosus Costus ulugurensis Costus bingervillensis Costus afer Costus pterometra