Cotoneaster frigidus Wall. ex Lindl.

Cotonéaster (fr), Cotonéaster frigide (fr)

Species

Angiosperms > Rosales > Rosaceae > Cotoneaster

Characteristics

Shrubs or small trees, deciduous, to 10 m tall, with spreading branches. Branchlets purplish brown or grayish brown, angulate, initially tomentose, glabrescent. Petiole 4–7 mm, tomentose; stipules brown, linear-lanceolate, 4–6 mm, tomentulose; leaf blade narrowly elliptic to ovate-lanceolate, 3.5–8(–12) × 1.5–3(–4.5) cm, veins raised abaxially and slightly impressed adaxially, abaxially initially tomentose, gradually glabrescent, subglabrous when old, adaxially usually glabrous, base cuneate to broadly cuneate, apex acute or obtuse, sometimes mucronate with spiniform point. Compound corymbs dense, 4–6 × 3–5 cm, ca. 20–40-flowered; rachis and pedicels densely tomentose; bracts linear-lanceolate, 3–5 mm, tomentose. Pedicel 2–4 mm. Flowers 6–7 mm in diam. Hypanthium campanulate or shortly subcylindric, abaxially densely tomentose. Sepals triangular, 1–1.5 × 1.5–2 mm, apex obtuse. Petals spreading, white, broadly ovate or suborbicular, 3–3.5 mm and nearly as broad, glabrous or puberulous adaxially near base, base shortly and broadly clawed, apex obtuse, rarely somewhat emarginate. Stamens 18–20, slightly shorter than petals. Ovary densely tomentose apically; styles 2, free, not exceeding stamens. Fruit bright red, ellipsoid, 4–5 mm in diam., pyrenes 2. Fl. Mar–May, fr. Sep–Oct. 2n = 34.
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Shrubs or trees, 5–15 m. Stems loosely erect, spreading; branches spiraled, dark brown, initially downy. Leaves deciduous; petiole 5–8 mm, densely villose to tomentose; blade narrowly elliptic (to lance-elliptic or narrowly obovate), 55–150 x 19–55 mm, membranous, base cuneate, margins flat, veins 6–10, superficial or slightly sunken, apex acute, abaxial surfaces color not recorded, villous at least near midvein, adaxial green, dull, coating not recorded, flat between lateral veins, glabrous except villous midrib. Inflorescences on fertile shoots 60–80 mm with 2–4 leaves, 20–60-flowered, lax. Pedicels length not recorded, densely tomentose. Flowers 6–7 mm diam.; buds white; hypanthium cupulate [subcylindric], tomentose; sepals: margins tomentose, apex acute, surfaces densely villous; petals spreading, white, glabrous or with hair tuft; stamens 20, filaments white, anthers purple; styles 2. Pomes bright red, subglobose to ellipsoid, 4–6 x 4–5 mm, shiny, not glaucous, sparsely villous; sepals erect or ascending, ?margins tomentose?, densely villous; navel hidden; style remnants near apex. Pyrenes 2. 2n = 34 (India).
A shrub or small tree. It loses its leaves during the year. It grows to 10 m tall. The branches are spreading and young branches are angular. The leaves are narrowly oval and 4-8 cm long by 2-3 cm wide. The fruit is bright red and narrowly oval. It is 4-5 mm across.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) 5.75
Mature height (meter) 10.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway -

Environment

Shrubberies and riversides, especially in Nepal, 2200-3400 metres from Uttar Pradesh to S.W. China. River valleys, broad-leaved deciduous forests on slopes, 2800-3300 metres in Tibet.
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It is a temperate plant. It grows in broad-leaved deciduous forests between 2,800-3,300 m above sea level.
Light 3-8
Soil humidity 2-7
Soil texture 1-6
Soil acidity 2-8
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 7-9

Usage

The fruit are bitter but sweet and are eaten raw.
Uses dye environmental use medicinal
Edible fruits
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 180 - 365
Germination temperacture (C°) 21
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Cotoneaster frigidus habit picture by Caw Vus (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Cotoneaster frigidus leaf picture by oregore (cc-by-sa)
Cotoneaster frigidus leaf picture by Jean-Claude THOMAS (cc-by-sa)
Cotoneaster frigidus leaf picture by Pierre Sosson (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Cotoneaster frigidus flower picture by patrick crevecoeur (cc-by-sa)
Cotoneaster frigidus flower picture by Norbert Fries (cc-by-sa)
Cotoneaster frigidus flower picture by Phil Curnow (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Cotoneaster frigidus fruit picture by Jean-Claude Fogaroli (cc-by-sa)
Cotoneaster frigidus fruit picture by Jane Ibrahim (cc-by-sa)
Cotoneaster frigidus fruit picture by Pierre Sosson (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Cotoneaster frigidus world distribution map, present in Austria, Belgium, Bhutan, Switzerland, China, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, India, and Nepal

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:722497-1
WFO ID wfo-0001018327
COL ID 6B8Q9
BDTFX ID 19196
INPN ID 92659
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Cotoneaster gamblei Cotoneaster comptus Cotoneaster affinis Cotoneaster himalayensis Cotoneaster frigidus