Crotalaria incana L.

Shakeshake (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Crotalaria

Characteristics

Erect or spreading, usually rather bushy, annual or short-lived perennial, up to 1·5(–3·5) m. tall.. Stem with long usually yellowish spreading hairs or else shortly pubescent.. Leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets elliptic-obovate to obovate or suborbicular, up to 25–50 mm. long, 17–44 mm. wide, glabrous above, subglabrous to thinly pilose beneath; petiole up to 30–80 mm. long.. Stipules filiform, 2·5–12(–20) mm. long.. Racemes lax, up to 12–30 cm. long, mostly 12–30(–60)-flowered; bracts subulate or linear, 1–10 mm. long; bracteoles curved-ascending from just below the calyx, linear, 2–6 mm. long.. Calyx deflexed against the pedicel, 7–11 mm. long, subglabrous to spreading pilose; lobes narrowly attenuate-triangular, ± twice as long as the tube.. Standard elliptic, yellow, veined reddish-brown or purple, glabrous to pubescent along the midvein outside; wings almost as long as the keel; keel bent at right-angles in the lower half, with a straight untwisted beak, 8–11·5 mm. long, conspicuously lanate-pubescent along the upper margin.. Pod practically sessile, fusiform-clavate, somewhat pointed at either end, slightly dorsi-ventrally flattened, 30–45 mm. long, 8–12 mm. across, brown, mottled darker above, spreading pilose, ± 40–50-seeded.. Seeds oblique-cordiform, 2·5–3 mm. long, smooth or obscurely papillose, pale brown, mottled darker, or olive-green.
More
Herb or small shrub, less than 1 m (-2 m) tall, stem terete, puberulous to pilose. Leaves trifoliolate, the terminal leaflets elliptic or obovate, apex rounded, mucronate or mucronulate, the base cuneate 1.8-6.0 cm long, 1.1-3.7 cm broad, the margins entire, above glabrous, strigose or pilose, beneath glabrous to pilose or villous, the veins 6-9 on each side of the midvein, the lateral leaflets similar, but slightly smaller; petiole 2-7 cm long; stipules caducous. Inflorescences ter-minal or sub-terminal racemes bearing 7-11 flowers; bracts setaceous and curly, deciduous before anthesis; pedicels 1.8-2.0 mm long; bracteoles narrowly trian-gular ca. 2 mm long, pilose, located on the top of the pedicel, caducous. Flowers yellow, 11-15 mm long; calyx 7.5-10.0 mm long, the tube campanulate, the lobes 2.5-3.0 times as long as the tube, pilose; corolla yellow, 10-13 mm long, the standard 11-14 mm long, 10-13 mm broad, retuse, the wings 10-13 mm long, the claws 1.5-1.9 mm long, oblong, oblique, the keel 12 mm long, the non-twisted beak short; stamens dimorphic, the long anthers 1.3-1.8 mm long, the short anthers 0.5-0.6 mm long; style with pubescent stigma, geniculate, 7.0-8.3 mm long. Legume inflated, 2.5-3.5 cm long, pilose, brown at maturity; seeds ca. 33, brown, oblique cordiform, to 3.0 mm long.
Herbs or shrublets, to 1 m tall. Stems brownish yellow spreading pubescent. Stipules acicular, 2-3 mm, tardily cadu­cous. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole 3-5 cm; petiolules 1-3 mm; leaflet blades elliptic-obovate, obovate, or suborbicular, 2-4 × 1-2 cm, terminal one larger than lateral ones, thin, abaxially pu­bescent to nearly glabrous, adaxially glabrous, secondary veins 6-10 on each side of midvein, secondary and tertiary veins abaxially distinct and adaxially inconspicuous, base rounded to broadly cuneate, apex obtuse and mucronate. Racemes terminal or leaf-opposed, 10-20 cm, 5-15-flowered; bracts 1-10 mm, caducous. Pedicel 3-4 mm; bracteoles inserted at base of calyx tube, similar to bracts, 2-3 mm. Calyx subcampanulate, 6-8 mm, 5-lobed, pubescent; lobes lanceolate, longer than tube. Co­rolla yellow, exserted beyond calyx; standard elliptic, 8-10 mm, base with appendages, apically usually pilose; wings oblong, 8-10 mm; keel ± as long as wings, abruptly rounded below middle, beak well developed and incurved. Legume clavate, 2-3 × 0.7-1 cm, apically slightly oblique, 20-30-seeded, densely rusty pilose; stipe ca. 2 mm. Fl. Oct-Dec, fr. Jan-Feb.
A herb or small shrub. It grows 1 m tall. The stems are yellow to brown and hairy. The leaves have 3 leaflets. These are oval and 2-4 cm long by 1-2 cm wide. The end one is largest. There are 5-15 flowers in a group about 10-20 cm long at the ends of the branches. They are yellow. The pod is 2-3 cm long by 1 cm wide. There are 20-30 seeds.
Leaves 3-foliolate; leaflets up to 2.5–5 × 1.7–4.5 cm, elliptic-obovate to obovate or subcircular, rounded to retuse at apex, usually thinly pilose beneath; petioles mostly longer than leaflets; stipules 2.5–12(20) mm long, filiform.
Standard elliptic, yellow, veined reddish-brown or purple, glabrous or medially pubescent outside; wings nearly as long as keel; keel 8–11.5 mm long, bent at right-angles in lower half, lanate-pilose on upper margin.
Racemes usually lax, few–many-flowered; bracts 1–10 mm long, subulate or linear; bracteoles curved-ascending from just below calyx, 2–6 mm long, linear.
Seeds 2.5–3 mm long, oblique-cordiform, smooth or obscurely papillose, pale brown, mottled darker, or olive-green.
Calyx 7–11 mm long, subglabrous to spreading pilose; lobes narrow, ± twice as long as tube.
Erect or spreading usually rather bushy herb, up to 1.5(3.5) m tall, variously hairy.
Pod 3–4.5 cm long, fusiform-clavate, subsessile, somewhat pointed, pilose.
Coarsely hairy stems and fruits
Flowers yellow, veined purple.
A herb, 2–4 ft. high
Life form perennial
Growth form
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Deciduous bushland, grassland, dry stream beds, river banks and as a weed in fields and waste places, usually preferring moist sites; at elevations up to 2,300 metres.
More
It is a tropical plant. In Argentina it grows from sea level to 1,500 m above sea level. In Yunnan.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses environmental use food material medicinal poison
Edible leaves
Therapeutic use Exanthema (root), Yellow fever (root), Abortifacient (unspecified), Boil (unspecified), Decoagulant (unspecified), Poison (unspecified), Rash (unspecified), Yellow Fever (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21 - 30
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Crotalaria incana habit picture by Shehadi Ramiz (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria incana habit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Crotalaria incana habit picture by Trap Hers (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Crotalaria incana leaf picture by Shehadi Ramiz (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria incana leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Crotalaria incana leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Flower

Crotalaria incana flower picture by Shehadi Ramiz (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria incana flower picture by Shehadi Ramiz (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria incana flower picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Fruit

Crotalaria incana fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Crotalaria incana fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Crotalaria incana fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Crotalaria incana world distribution map, present in Angola, Anguilla, Argentina, American Samoa, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Burundi, Bangladesh, Bahamas, Belize, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, Barbados, Chile, China, Cameroon, Colombia, Comoros, Costa Rica, Cuba, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Ethiopia, Guernsey, Ghana, Guadeloupe, Grenada, Guatemala, French Guiana, Guyana, Honduras, Haiti, Indonesia, India, Jamaica, Kenya, Cambodia, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mexico, Marshall Islands, Northern Mariana Islands, Mozambique, Martinique, Mauritius, Malawi, Malaysia, Mayotte, Nigeria, Nicaragua, Netherlands, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Paraguay, Réunion, Rwanda, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, Solomon Islands, Sierra Leone, El Salvador, Somalia, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, Vanuatu, Yemen, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:316245-2
WFO ID wfo-0000207244
COL ID ZNLQ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 447166
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Crotalaria cubensis Crotalaria eriocaula Crotalaria glabrescens Crotalaria setifera Crotalaria cytisifolia Crotalaria diffusa Crotalaria herbacea Crotalaria pubescens Chrysocalyx schimperi Crotalaria criocaula Crotalaria hirta Crotalaria picensis Crotalaria radiata Lupinus rotundifolius Crotalaria incana f. microphylla Crotalaria incana f. glabrescens Crotalaria pubescens Crotalaria incana var. nicaraguensis Crotalaria incana subsp. incana Crotalaria incana var. incana Crotalaria megapotamica Crotalaria incana

Lower taxons

Crotalaria incana subsp. purpurascens