Crotalaria lanceolata E.Mey.

Lanceleaf rattlebox (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Crotalaria

Characteristics

Erect laxly branched annual, 0.2-1.7 m tall; branches ribbed, the younger parts at least covered with very short appressed or more rarely slightly spreading hairs. Leaves all 3-foliolate, or rarely some of the upper ones 1-foliolate; leaflets usually mostly linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, the lower ones sometimes elliptic, but sometimes all elliptic-oblong to elliptic, mostly 4-10.5(-17) x 0.3-2(-3.5) cm, thinly appressed puberulous beneath, rarely also above; petioles shorter than the leaflets. Stipules lacking. Racemes up to 8-35 cm long, many-flowered; bracts subulate or filiform, expanded at the base, 0.5-3 mm long; bracteoles at the base of the calyx, narrow, 0.3-1 mm long. Calyx becoming basally truncate and deflexed against the pedicel, 2-4 mm long, appressed puberulous, usually only thinly so; lobes subulate to triangular-acuminate, usually shorter than the tube. Standard broadly elliptic or subcircular, yellow, veined reddish purple outside; keel rounded about the middle, with an incurved or projecting beak, 5-11 mm long. Legume subsessile, narrowly cylindrical, often curved upwards at the tip, (1.6-)1.8-3.5(-3.8) x 0.4-0. 6 cm, appressed puberulous, ±20-50-seeded. Seeds oblique-cordiform, ±2-3 mm long, smooth, pale yellow to orange-brown.
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Erect annual, up to 8–17 dm. tall, laxly branched.. Stem ribbed, appressed puberulous or rarely shortly spreading pubescent.. Leaves 3-foliolate, rarely some of the upper ones 1-foliolate; leaflets mostly linear to lanceolate, but the lower ones sometimes elliptic, up to 40–105(–170) mm. long, 3–17(–22) mm. wide, glabrous or very rarely hairy above, thinly covered with appressed hairs beneath; petiole up to 20–80 mm. long.. Stipules absent.. Racemes up to 8–35 cm. long, with many fairly closely arranged flowers; bracts subulate or filiform, expanded at the base, 1–3 mm. long; bracteoles inserted at the base of the calyx, narrow, up to 1 mm. long.. Calyx becoming basally truncate and deflexed against the pedicel, 3–4 mm. long, appressed puberulous, usually thinly so; lobes subulate or acuminate, shorter than the tube.. Standard broadly elliptic or suborbicular, yellow, veined reddish-purple and glabrous outside; wings shorter or longer than the keel; keel rounded about the middle, with an incurved or projecting untwisted beak, 6·5–11 mm. long.. Pod subsessile, narrowly cylindrical, (22–)24–35 (–40) mm. long, 4–6 mm. across, appressed puberulous, 24–50-seeded.. Seeds oblique-cordiform, ± 2–3 mm. long, smooth, pale yellow to orange-brown.
Herbs, 50-100 cm tall. Branches terete, pilose when young but glabrescent. Stipules absent. Leaves 3-foliolate; peti­ole 3-6 cm; petiolules 1-2 mm; leaflet blades linear to linear-lanceolate, 5-9(-12) × 0.5-1 cm, both surfaces sparsely pilose or glabrous, base cuneate, apex acuminate and mucronate. Ra­cemes terminal, to 20 cm, 10-40-flowered; bracts subulate to filiform, 0.5-3 mm, expanded at base. Pedicel 3-5 mm; brac­teoles normally inserted at base of calyx or rarely on pedicel, narrow, 0.3-1 mm. Calyx subcampanulate, ca. 3 mm, 5-lobed, pubescent; lobes triangular, shorter than tube. Corolla yellow, exserted beyond calyx; standard broadly elliptic to orbicular, ca. 1 cm in diam., base with 2 appendages; wings oblong, ca. 1 cm, marginally pilose at base; keel ± as long as wings, apical half rounded, marginally pubescent at base, beak long. Ovary sub­sessile. Legume oblong, 2-3 × 0.5-1 cm, many seeded, gla­brous. Seeds obliquely cordate. Fl. Jun-Aug, fr. Sep-Nov.
Erect, laxly branched, annual herb, 0.2-1.7 m high; branches ribbed, young parts covered with very short, appressed hairs. Leaflets mostly linear-lanceolate, 40-100 (-170) mm long, thinly appressed puberulous beneath; petioles shorter than leaflets. Stipules lacking; upper leaves sometimes unifoliolate. Inflorescences many-flowered racemes, 80-350 mm long. Flowers yellow, veined reddish purple. Calyx becoming deflexed against pedicel, thinly appressed puberulous; lobes usually shorter than tube. Petals: keel rounded about the middle, with incurved or projecting beak. Pod subsessile, narrowly cylindrical, often incurved at tip, appressed puberulous, 16-38 mm long. Seeds oblique-cordiform, smooth, pale yellow to orange-brown.
A stiffly erect bush. It has few branches. It has a few soft hairs. The leaf stalk is slender and almost straight. It is 4 cm long. The leaflets are 8 cm long by 1 cm broad. The flowers are on stalks on the top of the plant. The small flowers are well spaced along a 20 cm long stalk. The flowers are yellow. They are 1 cm long. The fruit is a pod. It is dark and hangs down. It is 3 cm long by 5 mm wide.
Leaves 3-foliolate (rarely a few of the uppermost 1-foliolate), estipulate; leaflets mostly 4–11(17) × 0.3–2(3.5) cm, usually predominantly linear-lanceolate to lanceolate, the lower ones sometimes elliptic, but sometimes (particularly subsp. exigua) all elliptic-oblong to elliptic, thinly appressed puberulous beneath, rarely also above; petiole shorter than the leaflets.
Erect laxly branched annual or short-lived perennial, 0.2–1.7 m tall; branches mostly ascending, lower ones sometimes spreading, ribbed, covered at least when young with short appressed or rarely slightly spreading hairs.
Standard broadly elliptic to subcircular, yellow, veined reddish-purple outside; keel 5–11 mm long, rounded about the middle, with an incurved or projecting beak.
Calyx 2–4 mm long, becoming basally truncate and deflexed against the pedicel, puberulous; lobes subulate to triangular-acuminate, usually shorter than the tube.
Racemes up to 8–35 cm long, many-flowered; bracts 0.5–3 mm long, subulate or filiform, expanded at the base; bracteoles at the base of the calyx, 0.3–1 mm long.
Pod (1.6)1.8–3.8 × 0.4–0.6 cm, subsessile, cylindrical, sometimes curved up at the tip, appressed puberulous, 20–50-seeded.
Seeds 2–3 mm long, oblique-cordiform, smooth, pale yellow to orange-brown.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.5 - 1.7
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) 0.5
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

In a variety of grassy habitats, in valleys, deciduous woodland, also roadsides; sometimes in damp places; at elevations up to 1,600 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It is rare in Swaziland. In Yunnan.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 2-5
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-12

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use fodder medicinal
Edible seeds
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21 - 30
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) 20 - 28
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Leaf

Crotalaria lanceolata leaf picture by Fernando da Luz Schmidt (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria lanceolata leaf picture by Rene Bueno (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria lanceolata leaf picture by scottyp (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Crotalaria lanceolata flower picture by Flor Alex (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria lanceolata flower picture by Fernando da Luz Schmidt (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria lanceolata flower picture by Rene Bueno (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Crotalaria lanceolata fruit picture by Flor Alex (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria lanceolata fruit picture by Fernando da Luz Schmidt (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria lanceolata fruit picture by scottyp (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Crotalaria lanceolata world distribution map, present in Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba, Brazil, China, Colombia, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Malawi, Sudan, Thailand, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, Uganda, United States of America, South Africa, Zambia, and Zimbabwe

Conservation status

Crotalaria lanceolata threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:322602-2
WFO ID wfo-0000209445
COL ID ZNP4
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629454
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Crotalaria mossambicensis Crotalaria lanceolata Crotalaria lanceolata subsp. lanceolata

Lower taxons

Crotalaria lanceolata subsp. exigua