Crotalaria micans Link

Caracas rattlebox (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Crotalaria

Characteristics

Shrub or suffrutescent herb to 3 m tall, stem striate, strigulose. Leaves tri-foliolate, the terminal leaflets narrowly elliptic to elliptic, apex acute, acuminate or mucronulate, the base cuneate, 4.5-7.1 cm long, 1.4-2.7 cm broad, the margins entire, above glabrous, beneath strigulose, the veins 7-16 on each side of the midvein, lateral leaflets similar, but slightly smaller; petiole 2.5-5.0 cm long; stipules linear triangular, ca. 4.0 mm long, frequently absent. Inflorescences ter-minal racemes, bearing 15-30 flowers; bracts linear, 7-10 mm long, caducous; pedicels 5-9 mm long; bracteoles linear, 6-10 mm long, strigulose, located just above mid-pedicel, caducous. Flowers yellow 12-18 mm long, calyx 10-13 mm long, the tube campanulate, the lobes 1.5-2.0 times as long as the tube, strigulose; corolla yellow, with purple veins, 14-18 mm long, the standard 13-14 mm long, 18-21 mm broad, retuse, the wings 12-15 mm long, the claws 3.0-3.8 mm long, oblong, oblique, the keel 13-15 mm long, the non-twisted beak short, stamens dimorphic, the long anthers 2.8-3.1 mm long, the short anthers 0.5-0.7 mm long; style with a pubescent stigma, curved geniculate, 8.5-9.0 mm long. Legume inflated, 3.2-3.5 cm long, strigulose, brown at maturity; seeds ca. 20, tan to brown, oblique cordiform, to 3.5 mm long.
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Herbs or shrublets, to 2 m tall. Stems terete, thick, densely rusty appressed pubescent. Stipules acicular, very minute, per­sistent or caducous. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole 2-5 cm; petio­lules ca. 2 mm; leaflet blades elliptic to narrowly elliptic, 4-7(-10) × 2-3 cm, terminal one larger than lateral ones, thin, veins distinct on both surfaces, midvein abaxially sparsely pilose and adaxially pilose, secondary veins 8-15 on each side of midvein, base cuneate, apex acuminate and mucronate. Racemes termi­nal, 10-30 cm, 20-30-flowered; bracts linear, 0.7-1.3 cm, cadu­cous. Pedicel 5-7 mm; bracteoles similar to bracts but smaller. Calyx subcampanulate, 7-10 mm, 5-lobed, densely rusty silky pilose; lobes broadly lanceolate, ± as long as tube. Corolla yel­low, exserted beyond calyx; standard orbicular, ca. 1.4 cm in diam., base with 2 appendages, apex obtuse to retuse; wings ob­long, ca. 1.3 cm; keel ca. 1 cm, abruptly rounded slightly below middle, beak slightly incurved. Legume oblong, 2.5-4 × 1-1.5 cm, 20-30-seeded, densely pilose when young, glabrescent; stipe 2-4 mm. Seeds black when mature, obliquely cordate, nearly smooth. Fl. May-Sep, fr. Aug-Dec.
A herb or small shrub. It grows 2 m tall. The stems have rusty hairs. The leaves have 3 leaflets. These are 4-7 cm long by 2-3 cm wide. The end one is largest. The flowers are in groups or 20-30 at the ends of branches. They are yellow. The pods are oblong and 3-4 cm long by 1-2 cm wide. There are 20-30 seeds.
Life form perennial
Growth form shrub
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination entomogamy
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Savannahs, steep banks, hillsides, barrancas, frequently in grassland in openings of oak forest and occassionally in oak-pine forest; at elevations from 800-1,700 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. In China it grows in grassland between 100-2,400 m above sea level. In Yunnan.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Uses animal food environmental use food forage medicinal
Edible -
Therapeutic use Hypotension (unspecified), Neuromuscular blocking activity (unspecified)
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Can be grown by cuttings or seedlings. Seeds needs soaking.
Mode cuttings seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21 - 30
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Crotalaria micans habit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Crotalaria micans habit picture by Shehadi Ramiz (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Crotalaria micans leaf picture by Kamthenlal Dimngel (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria micans leaf picture by Ikhsan Rakhmat Harahap (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria micans leaf picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Flower

Crotalaria micans flower picture by Enthu Gardner (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria micans flower picture by Ikhsan Rakhmat Harahap (cc-by-sa)
Crotalaria micans flower picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Fruit

Crotalaria micans fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Crotalaria micans fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)
Crotalaria micans fruit picture by Nelson Zamora Villalobos (cc-by-nc)

Distribution

Crotalaria micans world distribution map, present in Angola, Argentina, American Samoa, Australia, Bangladesh, Bolivia (Plurinational State of), Brazil, China, Colombia, Dominica, Ecuador, Fiji, Ghana, Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Guyana, Indonesia, India, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Lao People's Democratic Republic, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mexico, Montserrat, Martinique, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Niue, Nepal, Panama, Peru, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Paraguay, Réunion, Singapore, Suriname, Thailand, Trinidad and Tobago, Taiwan, Province of China, Uruguay, United States of America, Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of), Viet Nam, and Samoa

Conservation status

Crotalaria micans threat status: Least Concern

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:322606-2
WFO ID wfo-0000210917
COL ID ZNSZ
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 629456
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Crotalaria brachystachya Crotalaria dombeyana Crotalaria stipulata Crotalaria triphylla Crotalaria anagyroides Crotalaria anagyroides var. angustifolia Crotalaria anagyroides var. minor Crotalaria micans