Crotalaria trichotoma Bojer

West indian rattlebox (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Fabales > Fabaceae > Crotalaria

Characteristics

Herbs or shrublets, to 2 m tall. Branches terete, ribbed, pu­bescent. Stipules subulate, ca. 1 mm. Leaves 3-foliolate; petiole 3-5 cm; petiolules ca. 2 mm; leaflet blades narrowly elliptic, 6-10 × 1-2(-3) cm, abaxially pubescent, adaxially glabrous, base cuneate, apex acuminate and mucronate. Racemes terminal, ca. 20 cm, 10-20-flowered; bracts linear, 2-3 mm. Pedicel 3-6 mm; bracteoles inserted on apical half of pedicel, similar to bracts in shape but shorter. Calyx subcampanulate, 4-5 mm, 5-lobed; lobes triangular, ± as long as tube, glabrous to sparsely pubescent. Corolla yellow, exserted beyond calyx; standard orbicular, ca. 1.2 cm in diam., base with 2 appendages, apex awned; wings oblong, ± as long as standard; keel ca. 1.5 cm, slightly rounded, narrowed apically from middle, marginally pubescent at base, beak rather long. Ovary subsessile. Legume cylindric, 3-4 × 0.7-1.2 cm, 50-70-seeded, glabrescent; style and calyx persistent. Seeds orangish buff to terra-cotta-colored, reniform, smooth. Fl. Apr-Aug, fr. Sep-Dec.
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A shrub. It grows 2 m tall. The branches are angled with ribs along them and are hairy. The leaves have 3 leaflets. The leaflets are narrowly oval and 6-10 cm long by 1-2 cm wide. They are hairy underneath. There are 10-20 flowers together at the ends of the branches. The flowers are yellow. The pod is 3-4 cm long by 0.7-1.2 wide. There are 50-70 seeds. The seeds are a dull orange. They are 2.2-2.8 mm long.
Standard elliptic to obovate-elliptic, yellow, veined reddish-purple outside; wings ± as long as the keel, with a dark mark at the base; keel 1.2–1.4 cm long, shortly rounded about the middle, with a sharp slightly incurved beak.
Leaves 3-foliolate, estipulate; leaflets mostly (4.5)6–14 × 1–4 cm, lanceolate to elliptic-oblong, lower ones sometimes elliptic, appressed puberulous beneath, rarely also above; petioles shorter than the leaflets.
Calyx 4–6 mm long, becoming basally truncate and deflexed against the pedicel, glabrous or rather thinly appressed puberulous; lobes generally reduced to small widely spaced subulate teeth.
Racemes up to 30–40 cm long, many-flowered; bracts (1)2–4 mm long, linear-caudate; bracteoles inserted at the base of the calyx or immediately below, slightly smaller than the bract.
Erect annual or short-lived perennial, up to 0.7–2.7 m tall, well branched at least above; branches ribbed, appressed puberulous.
Pod (3.2)3.5–4.5 × 0.7–1.2 cm, shortly stipitate, subcylindrical, appressed puberulous, 50–70-seeded.
Seeds 2.2–2.8 mm long, oblique-cordiform, smooth, orange-buff or terra-cotta.
Life form
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention -
Sexuality hermaphrodite
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 1.75 - 2.0
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Nitrogen fixer rhizobia
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Grassy sites in coastal forest clearings, bushland, Brachystegia woodland, grasslands, roadsides and cultivated fields, at elevations up to 1,800 metres.
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It is a tropical plant. It grows up to 1,200 m above sea level.
Light 7-9
Soil humidity 3-7
Soil texture 3-4
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 9-11

Usage

Caution: It should probably not be eaten in large amounts due to alkaloids.
Uses animal food environmental use fiber food material medicinal poison vertebrate poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Plants can be grown from seeds. The seeds should be soaked in warm water before planting.
Mode seedlings
Germination duration (days) 21 - 30
Germination temperacture (C°) 18 - 23
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment soaking
Minimum temperature (C°) -7
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Crotalaria trichotoma unspecified picture

Distribution

Crotalaria trichotoma world distribution map, present in American Samoa, Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Brazil, Barbados, China, Dominica, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Indonesia, Jamaica, Kenya, Saint Lucia, Sri Lanka, Madagascar, Mozambique, Martinique, Mauritius, Malaysia, Nicaragua, Nauru, Peru, Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Puerto Rico, Réunion, El Salvador, Seychelles, Timor-Leste, Taiwan, Province of China, Tanzania, United Republic of, United States of America, and Viet Nam

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:488985-1
WFO ID wfo-0000186157
COL ID ZP7P
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID 706093
Wikipedia (EN)
Wikipedia (FR)

Synonyms

Crotalaria trichotoma Crotalaria thomensis Crotalaria cleomoides Crotalaria zanzibarica Crotalaria usaramoensis