Croton capitatus Michx.

Woolly croton (en)

Species

Angiosperms > Malpighiales > Euphorbiaceae > Croton

Characteristics

Herbs, annual, 3–8 dm, monoecious. Stems well branched distally, stellate-hairy, hairs whitish to pale yellow, glabrescent. Leaves not clustered; stipules filiform, 2–5 mm; petiole 0.5–6 cm, glands absent at apex; blade ovate to lanceolate-elliptic, 3–8(–15) × 1–4 cm, base rounded to cuneate, margins entire, apex obtuse to acute or rounded, abaxial surface light green, not appearing brown-dotted, no stellate hairs with brown centers, adaxial surface darker green, both appressed stellate-hairy. Inflorescences bisexual, racemes or capitate, 1.5–3 cm, staminate flowers 5–15, pistillate flowers 3–6. Pedicels: staminate 0.5–1.5 mm, pistillate 0–1.5 mm. Staminate flowers: sepals 5, 0.8–1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 5, linear-oblong-lanceolate, 0.8–1 mm, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; stamens 7–12. Pistillate flowers: sepals 6–9, equal, 7–10 mm to 15 mm in fruit, opening broadly and persistent after capsule dehiscence, margins entire, apex recurved, abaxial surface stellate-hairy; petals 0; ovary 3-locular; styles 3, 2–3 mm, 2–3 times 2-fid, terminal segments 12–18(–24). Capsules 7–9 × 5–6 mm, smooth; columella tipped with 3-pronged grappling hooklike appendage. Seeds 5 × 4.5–5 mm, shiny. 2n = 20.
More
Erect herb to 80 cm high, annual. Stems with dense sessile and stalked stellate trichomes. Indumentum silver. Stipules linear, 2–3 mm long, entire. Leaf lamina lanceolate-ovate, oblong to ovate, 18–55 mm long, 9–25 mm wide; base cuneate to truncate; margins entire to weakly sinuate; tip acute to rounded; venation palminerved with 3 veins at base and 3–5 lateral veins per side of midrib; tertiary reticulate veins obscure; lower surface silver, venation weakly visible, with dense stellate trichomes; extrafloral nectaries absent. Male flowers: pedicels 1.8–2.5 mm long; sepals obovate, c. 1.6 mm long; petals oblanceolate, 1.6–2.2 mm long; stamens 10–12. Styles 3, multifid, divided thrice. Fruit trilobate, globose, 7–9 mm long, 7–9 mm diam., with dense sessile and stalked stellate trichomes.
Annual, to 1 m, sparingly and somewhat umbellately branched above; lvs narrowly triangular to oblong, lanceolate, or ovate-oblong, 4–10 cm, the principal ones with the blade rounded at base and less than twice as long as the petiole; fls in dense terminal infls 1–3 cm; staminate fls with 5 sep, 5 pet, and 10–14 stamens; pistillate fls apetalous, the 6–10 sep accrescent to 1 cm; styles 3, each 2–3 times dichotomous, the stigmas thus 12–24; 2n=20. Dry, usually sandy soil and waste places; O. to Ind. and Neb., s. to Fla. and Tex. Ours are var. capitatus.
Life form annual
Growth form herb
Growth support free-standing
Foliage retention deciduous
Sexuality monoecy
Pollination -
Spread -
Mature width (meter) -
Mature height (meter) 0.55 - 0.8
Root system -
Rooting depth (meter) -
Root diameter (meter) -
Flower color
Blooming months
JanFebMar
AprMayJun
JulAugSep
OctNovDec
Fruit color -
Fruiting months -
Nitrogen fixer -
Photosynthetic pathway c3

Environment

Light -
Soil humidity -
Soil texture -
Soil acidity -
Soil nutriment -
Hardiness (USDA) 4-9

Usage

Uses poison
Edible -
Therapeutic use -
Human toxicity -
Animal toxicity -

Cultivation

Mode -
Germination duration (days) -
Germination temperacture (C°) -
Germination luminosity -
Germination treatment -
Minimum temperature (C°) -
Optimum temperature (C°) -
Size -
Vigor -
Productivity -

Images

Habit

Croton capitatus habit picture by Brad Kelley (cc-by-sa)
Croton capitatus habit picture by Aaron Jenkins (cc-by-sa)
Croton capitatus habit picture by Mary Pierce (cc-by-sa)

Leaf

Croton capitatus leaf picture by Aaron Jenkins (cc-by-sa)
Croton capitatus leaf picture by Brad Kelley (cc-by-sa)
Croton capitatus leaf picture by jimseng jimseng (cc-by-sa)

Flower

Croton capitatus flower picture by Alex Tedder (cc-by-sa)
Croton capitatus flower picture by Dana Snyder (cc-by-sa)
Croton capitatus flower picture by Kristin Lukow (cc-by-sa)

Fruit

Croton capitatus fruit picture by Brad Kelley (cc-by-sa)
Croton capitatus fruit picture by Alex Tedder (cc-by-sa)

Distribution

Croton capitatus world distribution map, present in Åland Islands, Australia, Canada, Georgia, Malaysia, Nicaragua, and United States of America

Identifiers

LSID urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:342226-1
WFO ID wfo-0000927567
COL ID ZPQY
BDTFX ID -
INPN ID -
Wikipedia (EN) Link
Wikipedia (FR) Link

Synonyms

Heptallon fruticosum Heptallon graveolens Heptallon lanceolatum Oxydectes capitata Heptallon capitatum Pilinophytum capitatum Croton subtomentosis Croton capitatus var. capitatus Croton capitatus var. genuinus Croton capitatus